Optimization of high nickel cathode materials for lithium ion batteries by magnesium doped heterogeneous aluminum oxide coating

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0632

Abstract

Abstract:

LiNi _x Co _y Mn_1-_x_-_y O₂(NCM, x≥0.6) cathode materials have piqued much interest in Lithium-ion battery because of their high energy density and low-cost. However, the lithium-nickel cations mixed arrangement became serious, and thermal stability decreases as nickel content increases, resulting in deterioration of cycling stability and safety concerns. This paper successfully doped the Mg into NCM using co-precipitation method, followed by Al₂O₃ coating. The as-prepared LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.09Mg_0.01O₂@Al₂O₃ (Mg1.0@Al) X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy results show that Mg doping can effectively expand the spacing in the crystalline as well as buffer cation mixing. Meanwhile, the Al₂O₃ coating protects the crystals from the cathode-electrolyte side reaction. The electrochemical measurements revealed that the synergistic effects of Mg doping and Al₂O₃ coating can help to stabilize the crystal structure and reduce interfacial polarization. The Mg1.0@Al demonstrated stable discharge voltage (ΔV=5.2 mV), low charge transfer impedance (R_ct=51.66 Ω) and excellent lithium-ion diffusion coefficient (D_Li=4.05×10^-14 cm²/s) after 100 cycles at 1 C. At the voltage range of 2.8—4.3 V, the discharge specific capacity of Mg1.0@Al cathode remains 188.58 mAh/g after 100 cycles and 147.47 mAh/g after 400 cycles, with capacity retention rates of 95.18% and 74.54%, respectively. When changed at 5 C, the discharge specific capacity increased to 146.3 mAh/g.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, co-precipitation, doping coating, synergistic effect of magnesium and aluminum, cation mixing, high nickel cathode material

CLC Number:

TM 911.11

Deliu ZHANG, Yan ZHANG, Hai WANG, Jiadong WANG, Xuanwen GAO, Chaomeng LIU, Dongrun YANG, Wenbin LUO. Optimization of high nickel cathode materials for lithium ion batteries by magnesium doped heterogeneous aluminum oxide coating[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(2): 339-348.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1

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Table 1

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样品	R_s/Ω	R_ct/Ω	σ	D_Li/(cm²/s)
Mg0	8.55	113.70	2.70×10²	5.62×10^-15
Mg1.0	16.55	66.37	1.29×10²	2.46×10^-14
Mg1.0@Al	10.00	51.66	1.01×10²	4.05×10^-14

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