Preparation and properties of nano-carbon-based composite paraffin phase-change materials

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0759

Abstract

Abstract:

The low thermal conductivity of phase-change materials (PCMs) limits the heat transfer efficiency of phase-change energy storage systems. The problem of the low thermal conductivity of paraffin was addressed by preparing a series of nano-carbon-based composite PCMs (CPCMs) with different nano-carbon mass concentrations using a two-step method using paraffin as the substrate material and carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and carbon nano-onions (CNOs) as high-thermal-conductivity media. The effects of adding the two nano-materials on the phase transition temperature, latent heat of fusion, thermal conductivity, and kinematic viscosity of CPCMs were investigated. It was found that adding nano-carbon materials had a negligible effect on the phase transition temperature, and the maximum temperature deviation was 1.811 ℃. However, the latent heat of fusion decreased with the increasing mass concentration of nanoparticles. The maximum reduction in the latent heat of fusion was 16.4%, with a mass CNO fraction of 4%. The increasing nano-carbon concentration increased the thermal conductivity and the kinematic viscosity of liquid CPCMs. The thermal conductivity of 4% CNO-PCM in liquid and solid state was 0.3167 W/(m·K) and 0.8322 W/(m·K), respectively, with the most significant increase in thermal conductivity of 80.7% and 195.9%, respectively. Compared with MWCNT, using CNOs was more conducive to enhancing the PCM thermal conductivity. This study provides an experimental basis for developing composite paraffin PCMs with high thermal conductivity and a reference for selecting CPCMs for different demands.

Key words: phase change energy storage, paraffin, CNOs, MWCNT, thermal conductivity, latent heat of fusion, kinematic viscosity

CLC Number:

TK 02

Sha CHEN, Yuehao CHEN, Xiaoqin SUN, Shuguang LIAO. Preparation and properties of nano-carbon-based composite paraffin phase-change materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(12): 4349-4356.

Figures/Tables 14

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相变温度/℃		导热系数/[W/(m·K)]	黏度/(mPa·s)	比热容/[J/(kg·K)]	密度/ (kg/m³)		相变潜热/(kJ/kg)
固相	液相	导热系数/[W/(m·K)]	黏度/(mPa·s)	比热容/[J/(kg·K)]	固相	液相	相变潜热/(kJ/kg)
23	26	0.1782	4.50	2120	860	852	194

状态	参数	MWCNT的质量分数
状态	参数	0%	1%	2%	3%	4%
放热凝固	潜热/(J/g)	196.43	179.84	186.03	176.81	175.18
	起点/℃	23.579	23.244	22.763	24.536	24.168
	峰值温度/℃	22.296	20.485	22.37	22.301	22.137

吸热熔化	潜热/(J/g)	198.08	179.88	186.08	175.48	174.32
	起点/℃	26.49	24.711	25.807	26.062	25.314
	峰值温度/℃	30.521	30.217	30.216	29.861	29.17

状态	参数	CNOs的质量分数
状态	参数	0%	1%	2%	3%	4%
放热凝固	潜热/(J/g)	196.43	194.79	197.36	171.01	164.15
	起点/℃	23.579	25.123	25.244	24.559	24.133
	峰值温度/℃	22.296	22.558	23.269	22.253	21.643

吸热熔化	潜热/(J/g)	198.08	193.76	196.93	170.42	165.64
	起点/℃	26.49	26.745	27.075	25.873	24.742
	峰值温度/℃	30.521	30.211	30.513	30.013	29.561

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