Preparation and performance of high-capacity Cr8O21 as a cathode material for lithium batteries

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0396

Abstract

Abstract:

Chromium oxide with high capacity, high voltage, and low cost has drawn much attention as a cathode material for lithium batteries. This study prepares high pure-phase Cr₈O₂₁ through one-step pyrolysis under oxygen atmosphere with CrO₃ as precursor. The chemical composition, morphology, and corresponding electrochemical performance of the samples prepared at different pyrolysis conditions are analyzed through X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electrochemical techniques. The results show that the pyrolysis temperature greatly affects the electrochemical performance of chromium oxides. The insufficient decomposition of CrO₃ at lower temperatures results in electrode damage, and the impurity phase of Cr₂O₅ formed during pyrolysis under higher temperatures significantly reduces the specific capacity. Cr₈O₂₁ prepared at 270 ℃ for 24 h exhibits an outstanding performance with a high specific capacity of 357 mAh/g at first discharge under 0.1 C and an average voltage reaching 3 V. The capacity retention exceeds 80% after a 20-cylce test. In addition, high specific capacities of 200 and 363 mAh/g are achieved at -45 ℃ and 65 ℃, respectively, indicating the excellent cycling stability and electroactivity of Cr₈O₂₁.

Key words: chromium oxides, cathode materials, lithium battery

CLC Number:

TQ 152

Qingfei MENG, Rui YANG, Chenglong JIN, Yuliang CAO, Wenjie LI, Zhou ZHOU, Jiliang WU. Preparation and performance of high-capacity Cr₈O₂₁ as a cathode material for lithium batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(10): 3049-3055.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1

Figure 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

Fig. 12

References 14

1	WANG L P, WU Z R, ZOU J, et al. Li-free cathode materials for high energy density lithium batteries[J]. Joule, 2019, 3(9): 2086-2102.
2	REN G Z, MA G Q, CONG N. Review of electrical energy storage system for vehicular applications[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015, 41: 225-236.
3	FENG G X, LI L F, LIU J Y, et al. Enhanced electrochemical lithium storage activity of LiCrO₂ by size effect[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2009, 19(19): 2993-2998.
4	李文俊, 徐航宇, 杨琪, 等. 高能量密度锂电池开发策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(2): 448-478.
	LI W J, XU H Y, YANG Q, et al. Development of strategies for high-energy-density lithium batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(2): 448-478.
5	RAMASAMY R P, RAMADASS P, HARAN B S, et al. Synthesis, characterization and cycling performance of novel chromium oxide cathode materials for lithium batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2003, 124(1): 155-162.
6	BESENHARD J O, SCHWAKE M, MISAILIDIS N. Modified chromium oxides for high-rate lithium intercalation cathodes[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 1989, 26(3/4): 409-414.
7	滕久康, 吴宁宁, 王畅, 等. 高容量铬氧化物Cr₈O₂₁锂一次电池正极材料的制备与性能[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(11): 3455-3462.
	TENG J K, WU N N, WANG C, et al. Preparation and electrochemical performance of high capacity chromium oxide Cr₈O₂₁ cathode materials for lithium primary batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(11): 3455-3462.
8	FENG X Y, DING N, WANG L, et al. Synthesis and reversible lithium storage of Cr₂O₅ as a new high energy density cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2013, 222: 184-187.
9	LIU D X, MU X, GUO R, et al. Electrochemical performance of CrOx cathode material for high energy density lithium batteries[J]. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 2023, 18(2): 44-48.
10	LIU J Y, WANG Z X, LI H, et al. Synthesis and characterization of Cr₈O₂₁ as cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries[J]. Solid State Ionics, 2006, 177(32): 2675-2678.
11	TAKEDA Y, KANNO R, TSUJI Y, et al. Rechargeable lithium/chromium oxide cells[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1984, 131(9): 2006-2010.
12	KOMABA S, TAKEI C, NAKAYAMA T, et al. Electrochemical intercalation activity of layered NaCrO₂ vs. LiCrO₂[J]. Electrochemistry Communications, 2010, 12(3): 355-358.
13	陈淼淼, 邵钦君, 陈剑. 锂电池高比能量正极材料Cr₈O₂₁的制备及应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(9): 3011-3020.
	CHEN M M, SHAO Q J, CHEN J. Preparation and application of Cr₈O₂₁ as cathode material for high specific energy lithium batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(9): 3011-3020.
14	BESENHARD J O, SCHÖLLHORN R. Chromium oxides as cathodes for secondary high energy density lithium batteries[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1977, 124(7): 968-971.

[1]	Huan LIU, Na PENG, Qingwen GAO, Wenpeng LI, Zhirong YANG, Jingtao WANG. Crown ether-doped polymer solid electrolyte for high-performance all-solid-state lithium batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(8): 2401-2411.
[2]	Zhihao LIU, Tong DU, Ruirui LI, Tao DENG. Developments of wide temperature range， high voltage and safe EC-free electrolytes [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(8): 2504-2525.
[3]	Minghu WU, Chengpeng YUE, Fan ZHANG, Junxiao LI, Wei HUANG, Sheng HU, Jing TANG. Combined GRU-MLR method for predicting the remaining useful life of lithium batteries via multiscale decomposition [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(7): 2220-2228.
[4]	Yuling LIU, Jinhao MENG, Qiao PENG, Tianqi LIU, Yang WANG, Yongxiang CAI. NSGA-II genetic algorithm-based optimization of the lithium battery equalization index [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(6): 1946-1956.
[5]	Hai WANG, Yuhua BIAN, Jiadong WANG, Zhaoyang LIU, Jie ZHANG, Jian YAO, Xuanwen GAO, Zhaomeng LIU, Wenbin LUO. Retired lithium battery recycling and battery-grade lithium carbonate preparation [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(5): 1453-1460.
[6]	Jintao LI, Yue MU, Jing WANG, Jingyi QIU, Hai MING. Investigation of the structural evolution and interface behavior in cathode materials for Li-ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(5): 1636-1654.
[7]	Yuwen ZHAO, Huan YANG, Junpeng GUO, Yi ZHANG, Qi SUN, Zhijia ZHANG. Application of magnetic metal elements in sodium ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(5): 1332-1347.
[8]	Shangzhuo LI, Yutong LONG, Zhaomeng LIU, Xuanwen GAO, Wenbin LUO. Advances toward polyanionic cathode materials for potassium-ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(5): 1348-1363.
[9]	Xinhao ZHAO, Liang XU. Improved firefly optimization algorithm to optimize back propagation neural network for state of health estimation of power lithium ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(3): 934-940.
[10]	Lulu LI, Zhengshun TAO, Tinglong PAN, Weilin YANG, Guanyang HU. Research on fractional modeling and SOC estimation strategy for lithium batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(2): 544-551.
[11]	Yuhao ZHOU, Luoyun XÜ, Zhongping ZHANG, Lingchong LIU, Bin NAN, Haiqi ZHAO. Construction and simulation analysis of thermoelectric coupling model of lithium battery based on digital twin [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(2): 536-543.
[12]	Qiantong LIU, Yuanxiu XING. Remaining life prediction of lithium-ion battery based on VMD-PSO-GRU model [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(1): 236-246.
[13]	Kai ZHANG, Youlong XU. Research progress and development trend of sodium manganate cathode materials for sodium ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(1): 86-110.
[14]	Mengyang ZU, Meng ZHANG, Zikun LI, Ling HUANG. Cycle performance and degradation mechanism of Ni-Rich NCA， NCM， and NCMA [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(1): 51-60.
[15]	Shaocong WANG, Wei LI, Ruiqin HUANG, Yifei GUO, Zheng LIU. Progress of the Jahn-Teller effect suppression method for manganese-based sodium-ion battery cathode materials [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(1): 139-149.

Preparation and performance of high-capacity Cr₈O₂₁ as a cathode material for lithium batteries

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 12

References 14

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments