Research progress on the safety-state assessment of lithium-ion batteries

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0512

Abstract

Abstract:

The assessment of the state of safety (SOS) of Li-ion batteries (LiB) is required to determine the sustained impact of the internal and external conditions on battery safety, as well as the monitoring of the safety status of batteries throughout their lifecycle. SOS assessment can provide a judgment basis for advance fault warning and intelligent operation and maintenance; this is crucial for improving the security and reliability of the energy storage system. However, several questions still remain to be answered about the usability and accuracy of SOS assessment results in battery management systems or big data platforms. A LiB has many failure modes, a complex influence mechanism, and fuzzy definition of SOS. This paper summarizes the definition and classification, evaluation method, influencing factors, and safety boundary of battery SOS. In addition, the paper summarizes the influence mechanism of nine factors, namely voltage, ambient temperature, current, mechanical deformation, limiting external conditions, state of charge, state of health, internal resistance, and state of Li plating on the safety of LiBs. The shortcomings of the current SOS evaluation of LIBs are discussed based on three aspects, namely the coupling mechanism of multiple factors, security threshold migration model, and quantitative evaluation method. Finally, the paper points out future research direction.

Key words: lithium-ion batteries, energy storage system, state of safety (SOS) assessment

CLC Number:

TK 912

Shuang SONG, Fu LI, Xisheng TANG. Research progress on the safety-state assessment of lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(11): 3545-3555.

Figures/Tables 4

References 63

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危险等级	具体名称	分级标准及后果描述
0	无影响	没有功能失效
1	被动保护启动	电池可逆损伤，更换或重置保护装置后可恢复
2	缺陷	电池不可逆损伤，需要维修或更换电池
3	轻微漏液或排气	电解液质量损失<50%
4	大量漏液或排气	电解液质量损失≥50%
5	破裂	电池内部物质飞溅
6	起火	产生火焰
7	爆炸	引起压力波或抛射

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