Numerical simulation of the vacuum drying process of cylindrical lithium-ion batteries

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0056

Abstract

Abstract:

The moisture content in electrode sheets significantly affects the performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries, necessitating strict control through vacuum drying during production. Currently, vacuum drying research mainly relies on time-consuming experiments that utilize substantial energy, materials, and human resources. To address these issues, we developed a two-dimensional rotating diffusion-flow-heat conduction coupling model using an 18650 battery as the research model, which accurately predicted the change in the moisture content of the cell during the vacuum drying process. The results show that the temperature, water vapor partial pressure, and water content at different core positions are relatively uniform, and the homogeneous zero-dimensional model can yield accurate results. The core material's particle size, porosity, and initial moisture content significantly impact the water evaporation rate, with drying time varying by several hours to reach the same dryness level. The equilibrium moisture content depends on temperature and air humidity which are the main factors affecting the final moisture content. Enhancing the cell's temperature or reducing the oven's outlet pressure can improve vacuum drying efficiency and yield products with lower water content. Heating the core more rapidly and transitioning to the vacuum stage earlier can significantly improve early-stage drying efficiency; after entering the vacuum stage, periodic air exchange in the oven can lower the core's water vapor partial pressure, thereby enhancing the drying rate and reducing the final moisture content, saving both time and cost. The proposed prediction model provides a fast and convenient method for studying the impact of various process parameters and has application value in optimizing lithium-ion battery vacuum drying process parameters.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, manufacturing process, vacuum drying, numerical simulation

CLC Number:

TQ 024.1

Yuxin CHEN, Jiamu YANG, Dongbo LI, Cheng LIAN, Honglai LIU. Numerical simulation of the vacuum drying process of cylindrical lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(6): 1957-1967.

Figures/Tables 11

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物理量	数值	单位
电芯半径，R₁	8.8	mm
电芯长度，L₁	61.8	mm
电池壳半径，R₂	9	mm
电池壳高度，L₂	65	mm
缝隙宽度，d	0.2	mm
电芯密度， ρ_e	2050	kg/m³
电芯定压比热容，c_p_,s	1700	J/(kg∙K)
热导率， λ_s	30(轴向)/0.2(径向)	W/(m∙K)
孔隙率， ε	0.2～0.4	—
平均颗粒直径，d_p	10～30	μm
初始含水率，X	500～1000	mg/kg

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