集成混合储能及RPC的牵引供电系统优化运行

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0664

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电气化铁路电分相构成了无电区，阻碍各供电区间内能量传递，不利于再生制动能量的回收利用，极大地影响了铁路运营效益。为降低铁路运营成本，在电分相处接入铁路功率调节器(railway power conditioner，RPC)，RPC直流环节便于混合储能装置接入。在此基础上，本文提出了一种牵引供电系统优化运行策略，通过控制混合储能充放电，达到削减负荷尖峰，回收制动能量的效果，进而实现牵引负荷的削峰填谷。该模型以牵引供电系统运行总成本最低为目标，以混合储能充放电功率等为决策变量，考虑了系统潮流平衡、混合储能等约束。进一步地，将模型中的非线性函数线性化，得到混合整数线性规划模型，然后利用CPLEX求解得到混合储能充放电策略和牵引供电系统购电方案。最后，基于实测数据，分析了所提模型的降费效果。与既有牵引供电系统对比，接入混合储能和RPC之后牵引供电系统日运营成本降低效果显著，为牵引供电系统优化运行提供了依据。

关键词: 储能, 削峰填谷, 充放电控制策略

Abstract:

The electric phase of electrified railway constitutes a no-power zone, which hinders the energy transfer in each power supply area, is not conducive to the recovery and utilization of regenerative braking energy, and greatly affects the railway operation efficiency. In order to reduce the railway operation cost, the railway power conditioner (RPC) is connected in the electric phase, and the RPC DC link is convenient for the hybrid energy storage system (HESS) to access. On this basis, an optimal operation strategy of traction power supply system (TPSS) is proposed in this paper. By controlling the charge and discharge of HESS, the load peak is reduced and the braking energy is recovered, so as to realize the peak cutting and valley filling of traction load. The model aims to minimize the total operating cost of TPSS, and takes HESS charging and discharging power as decision variables. Furthermore, the nonlinear function in the model is linearized to obtain the mixed integer linear programming model, and then CPLEX is applied to obtain the charging and discharging strategy of HESS and the power purchase scheme of TPSS. Finally, based on the measured data, the cost-reduction effect of the proposed model is analyzed. Compared with the existing TPSS, the daily operating cost of the TPSS is significantly reduced after the HESS and RPC are connected, which provides a basis for the optimization operation of the TPSS.

Key words: energy storage, peak load shifting, charge-discharge control strategy

中图分类号:

TM 922.3

董文哲, 杨斯泐, 梁宗佑, 陈垠宇. 集成混合储能及RPC的牵引供电系统优化运行[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(4): 1185-1193.

Wenzhe DONG, Sile YANG, Zongyou LIANG, Yinyu CHEN. Research on optimal operation of traction power supply system with integrated hybrid energy storage and RPC[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(4): 1185-1193.

图/表 14

图1

图2

图3

表1

表2

表3

图4

图5

表4

表5

图6

图7

图8

图9

参考文献 16

1	国务院新闻办公室.«中国交通的可持续发展»白皮书[EB/OL]. 2019[2020-12]. http://www.scio.gov.cn/ztk/dtzt/42313/44564/index.htm.
	The State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China. Sustainable development of transport in China[EB/OL]. 2019[2020-12]. http://www.scio.gov.cn/ztk/dtzt/42313/44564/index.htm.
2	贾利民, 马静, 吉莉. 中国陆路交通能源融合的形态、模式与解决方案[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2020: 228-236.
	JIA L M, MA J, JI L. Scenarios, patterns and solutions of ground transportation and energy convergence in China[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2020: 228-236.
3	陈海生, 刘畅, 徐玉杰, 等. 储能在碳达峰碳中和目标下的战略地位和作用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1477-1485.
	CHEN H S, LIU C, XU Y J, et al. The strategic position and role of energy storage under the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1477-1485.
4	李官军, 冯晓云, 王利军, 等. 高速动车组自动过分相控制策略研究与仿真[J]. 电工技术学报, 2007, 22(7): 181-185.
	LI G J, FENG X Y, WANG L J, et al. Research and simulation on auto-passing phase separation control strategy of high-speed EMU[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2007, 22(7): 181-185.
5	谢斌. 高速电气化铁路大容量电能质量调节系统理论与应用研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南大学, 2018.
	XIE B. Research on the theory and application of large-capacity power quality conditioning system for high-speed electric railways[D]. Changsha: Hunan University, 2018.
6	邓文丽, 戴朝华, 韩春白雪, 等. 计及再生制动能量回收和电能质量改善的铁路背靠背混合储能系统及其控制方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(10): 2914-2924.
	DENG W L, DAI C H, HAN C, et al. Back-to-back hybrid energy storage system of electric railway and its control method considering regenerative braking energy recovery and power quality improvement[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(10): 2914-2924.
7	魏文婧, 胡海涛, 王科, 等. 基于铁路功率调节器的高速铁路牵引供电系统储能方案及控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(6): 1290-1299.
	WEI W J, HU H T, WANG K, et al. Energy storage scheme and control strategies of high-speed railway based on railway power conditioner[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(6): 1290-1299.
8	涂伟超, 李文艳, 张强, 等. 飞轮储能在电力系统的工程应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(3): 869-877.
	TU W C, LI W Y, ZHANG Q, et al. Engineering application of flywheel energy storage in power system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(3): 869-877.
9	王成山, 于波, 肖峻, 等. 平滑可再生能源发电系统输出波动的储能系统容量优化方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(16): 1-8.
	WANG C S, YU B, XIAO J, et al. Sizing of energy storage systems for output smoothing of renewable energy systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(16): 1-8.
10	陈玉龙, 武鑫, 滕伟, 等. 用于风电功率平抑的飞轮储能阵列功率协调控制策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(2): 600-608.
	CHEN Y L, WU X, TENG W, et al. Power coordinated control strategy of flywheel energy storage array for wind power smoothing[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(2): 600-608.
11	何林轩, 李文艳. 飞轮储能辅助火电机组一次调频过程仿真分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1679-1686.
	HE L X, LI W Y. Simulation of the primary frequency modulation process of thermal power units with the auxiliary of flywheel energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1679-1686.
12	DE LA TORRE S, SÁNCHEZ-RACERO A J, AGUADO J A, et al. Optimal sizing of energy storage for regenerative braking in electric railway systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2015, 30(3): 1492-1500.
13	赵正一, 俞葆青, 孔德卿, 等. 城轨超级电容储能的容量配置和控制策略研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(5): 1558-1561.
	ZHAO Z Y, YU B Q, KONG D Q, et al. Research on capacity configuration and control strategy of the super capacitor energy storage device for rail transit[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(5): 1558-1561.
14	李群湛, 王喜军, 黄小红, 等. 电气化铁路飞轮储能技术研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(7): 2025-2033.
	LI Q Z, WANG X J, HUANG X H, et al. Research on flywheel energy storage technology for electrified railway[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(7): 2025-2033.
15	刘元立, 李群湛. 含光伏和混合储能的同相牵引供电系统日前优化调度[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2023, 58(1): 30-39.
	LIU Y L, LI Q Z. Day-ahead optimal scheduling of Co-phase traction power supply system with photovoltaic and hybrid energy storage[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2023, 58(1): 30-39.
16	张育维, 胡海涛, 耿安琪, 等. 考虑削峰填谷的电气化铁路混合储能系统容量优化配置[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2023, 43(2): 44-50.
	ZHANG Y W, HU H T, GENG A Q, et al. Capacity optimization configuration of hybrid energy storage system for electrified railway considering peak load shifting[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2023, 43(2): 44-50.

项目	参数名称	参数取值
牵引变压器	V/v牵引变压器变比	220/27.5
牵引变压器	V/v变压器容量/MW	30×2
RPC	降压变压器变比	27.5/1
	直流电容/mF	3.5
	交流电感/mH	2
	直流侧电压/V	6000
	额定容量/MW	15

储能装置参数	电池	超级电容
SOC范围	[0.2,0.8]	[0.2,0.95]
始/末SOC	0.5/0.5	0.5/0.5
额定容量/MWh	5	0.3
额定功率/MW	0.5	4
充/放电效率	0.8/0.8	0.95/0.95

参数	案例1	案例2	案例3
最大需量功率/MW	12.69	11.18	9.41
系统总能耗/MWh	8891.05	7800.00	7151.70
再生制动能量利用率/%	—	48.79	83.19

参数	案例1	案例2	案例3
电度电费/万元	13.45	11.87	10.68
需量电费/万元	1.77	1.57	1.32
回馈电能费用/万元	3.28	1.69	0.58
混合储能装置运维成本/万元	—	—	0.29
总成本/万元	18.49	15.12	12.87
总成本优化率/%	—	18.23	30.39

[1]	管敏渊, 沈建良, 徐国华, 汤舜, 张炜鑫, 曹元成. 锂离子电池储能系统靶向消防装备设计与性能[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(4): 1131-1138.
[2]	郭霄宇, 于浩, 郑新, 刘雨佳, 左元杰, 张苗苗. 光伏系统液流电池储能优化配置[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(4): 1158-1167.
[3]	刘海山, 徐宪龙, 魏书洲, 逄亚蕾, 洪烽. 基于提升华北电网考核指标的飞轮储能参与调频划分电量控制策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(4): 1176-1184.
[4]	武鸿鑫, 李爱魁, 董存, 孙树敏, 李广磊, 王士柏. 计及调频备用的储能平抑风电功率波动控制策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(4): 1194-1203.
[5]	张玮灵, 古含, 章超, 葛昂, 应元旭. 压缩空气储能技术经济特点及发展趋势[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(4): 1295-1301.
[6]	黄渭彬, 张彪, 范金成, 杨伟, 邹汉波, 陈胜洲. ZIF-8复合PEO基固态电解质的制备与改性研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(4): 1083-1092.
[7]	秦婷婷, 周学志, 郭丁彰, 盛勇, 徐玉杰, 左志涛, 李辉, 陈海生. 铁轨重力储能系统效率影响因素研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(3): 835-845.
[8]	郑新, 于浩, 郭霄宇, 周颖, 左元杰, 刘雨佳. 液流电池冷热电储综合能源系统优化设计[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(3): 870-877.
[9]	胡健, 任育杰, 杜金魁, 刘元, 刘丹. 含相变储能的风/光/热电联产综合能源系统优化调度[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(3): 968-975.
[10]	程志翔, 曹伟, 户波, 程云芳, 李鑫, 姜丽华, 金凯强, 王青松. 储能用大容量磷酸铁锂电池热失控行为及燃爆传播特性[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(3): 923-933.
[11]	倪鸾, 王育飞, 薛花, 于艾清. 计及多时间尺度不确定性的电-氢一体化储能站随机-鲁棒混合规划[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(3): 846-856.
[12]	虞启辉, 魏志刚, 孙国鑫, 路亮. 基于喷雾换热的压缩空气准等温膨胀系统实验研究及性能分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(3): 878-888.
[13]	刘子豪, 张雪松, 林达, 孙立清, 李正阳, 熊瑞. 基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的储能电池能量和功率状态联合估计方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(3): 913-922.
[14]	张超, 邢作霞, 付启桐, 姜立兵, 陈雷. 固体电热储能装置热工与储能性能测试平台设计[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(2): 585-592.
[15]	侯美倩, 牛启帆, 邢洁, 单英浩. 计及可靠性的含源配电网储能系统的优化配置[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(2): 504-514.