醚基电解液中CoS2/NC作为钠离子电池高性能阳极的原因分析

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高性能钠离子电池负极材料的开发迫在眉睫，过渡金属硫化物具有较高的储钠比容量和良好的氧化还原反应可逆性等优点，但是存在充放电过程中的容量快速衰减问题。和电极材料的改性相比，通过优化电解液来提高电极的电化学性能是一种更加方便、环保且有效的策略。本文研究了CoS₂/NC在乙二醇二甲醚（DME）和碳酸乙烯酯/碳酸二乙酯（EC/DEC）两种电解液中作为钠离子电池负极材料的电化学和反应动力学差异，发现在与中间产物Na₂S₆副反应更少的DME电解液中，表现出优异的倍率性能、循环性能。通过紫外光谱证明了Na₂S₆在DME电解液中更高的稳定性，利用电化学阻抗测试和不同扫速下的循环伏安测试对电极材料的电子传输和离子扩散速率进行分析，证明了CoS₂/NC与电解液的副反应来自于中间产物多硫化钠与电解液的反应，中间产物在电解液中的稳定性是影响CoS₂/NC电化学性能的主要原因之一。我们的工作研究了多硫化钠在两种典型的电解液中的稳定性不同导致的电化学性能差异，并为过渡金属硫化物阳极和电解液之间的相互作用补充了新的见解。

关键词: CoS₂, 多硫化钠, 电解液, 钠离子电池负极

Abstract:

Developing high-performance sodium-ion battery anode materials is imminent. Transition metal sulfides have the advantages of high sodium storage capacity and good redox reaction reversibility but rapid capacity decay during charging and discharging exists. Improving the electrochemical performance of electrodes by optimizing the electrolyte is a more convenient, environmentally friendly, and effective strategy than modifying electrode materials. This study investigates CoS₂/NC as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries and their electrochemical and reaction kinetic differences between two electrolytes: ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DME) and ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate (EC/DEC). The results show that the DME electrolyte, which has few side reactions with the intermediate Na₂S₆, exhibits excellent multiplicative and cycling performance. The higher stability of Na₂S₆ in DME electrolytes was demonstrated using UV spectroscopy. The electron transport and ion diffusion rates of the electrode materials were analyzed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry tests at different sweep rates. The results demonstrated that the side reactions of CoS₂/NC with the electrolyte arise from the reaction of the intermediate sodium polysulfide with the electrolyte. Furthermore, the difference in the stability of the intermediate in the electrolyte is one of the main reasons affecting the electrochemical performance of CoS₂/NC. This study investigates the differences in electrochemical performance owing to the stability of sodium polysulfide in two typical electrolytes, adding new insights into the interactions between TMS anodes and electrolytes.

Key words: CoS₂, sodium polysulfide, electrolyte, sodium ion battery anode

中图分类号:

TM 911.15

边煜华, 刘朝孟, 高宣雯, 李健国, 王达, 李尚倬, 骆文彬. 醚基电解液中CoS₂/NC作为钠离子电池高性能阳极的原因分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(5): 1500-1509.

Yuhua BIAN, Zhaomeng LIU, Xuanwen GAO, Jianguo LI, Da WANG, Shangzhuo LI, Wenbin LUO. Role of CoS₂/NC in ether-based electrolytes as high-performance anodes for sodium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(5): 1500-1509.

图/表 5

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醚基电解液中CoS₂/NC作为钠离子电池高性能阳极的原因分析

Role of CoS₂/NC in ether-based electrolytes as high-performance anodes for sodium-ion batteries

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