原位表征技术在电池界面演化机制研究中的应用

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0743

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在二次电池中，电极/电解液界面的演化行为对电池的性能和稳定性起着至关重要的作用。本文从工作机理出发，详细综述了几种具有代表性的先进原位表征技术，包括原位原子力显微镜、原位三维激光共聚焦显微镜、电化学石英晶体天平、电化学微分质谱、原位拉曼光谱、原位傅里叶变换红外光谱。并且基于二次电池界面演化体系，本文将其划分为从液相到固相的电极/电解液界面中间相演化、沉积型金属负极的电沉积过程与金属-气体电池的三相界面演化，以及固相到液相的固体组分电化学分解与固体组分溶解，并列举了多种原位先进表征手段在这些复杂体系研究中联合应用的实例，展示了多模态界面原位表征技术在不同尺度下的立体分析能力，这些原位表征技术的联用不仅能够提供对电极/电解液界面在实际电池运行条件下动态演化过程的深入理解，还可以揭示影响电池性能和稳定性的关键因素。本文还讨论了当前研究中面临的挑战和取得的进展，并提出了未来研究的展望。对原位界面表征技术的应用与发展将有助于深入理解电池界面演化机制，提升电池性能和稳定性，推动新型电池技术的进步。

关键词: 原位表征, 二次电池, 电化学过程, 界面演化机制

Abstract:

In secondary batteries, the evolution of electrode/electrolyte interfaces plays a crucial role in battery performance and stability. This paper reviews several representative advanced in-situ characterization techniques based on their working mechanisms, including in-situ atomic force microscopy, in-situ three-dimensional laser confocal microscopy, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance, electrochemical differential mass spectrometry, in-situ Raman spectroscopy, and in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Based on the evolution of interfaces in secondary batteries, the paper categorizes these phenomena into the evolution of intermediate phases at the electrode/electrolyte interface from liquid to solid, the electrodeposition process of deposition-type metal anodes and the evolution of the three-phase interface in metal-gas batteries, as well as the electrochemical decomposition and dissolution of solid components from solid to liquid. Several examples of applying these advanced in-situ characterization techniques to complex systems are provided, demonstrating the multi-scale, three-dimensional analytical capabilities of multi-modal in-situ interface characterization. The combined use of these techniques not only offers a deeper understanding of the dynamic evolution of electrode/electrolyte interfaces under actual battery operating conditions but also reveals key factors affecting battery performance and stability. This paper also discusses the challenges and progress in current research and proposes future research directions. The application and development of in-situ interface characterization techniques will contribute to a deeper understanding of interface evolution mechanisms, improving battery performance and stability, and promoting the advancement of new battery technologies.

Key words: in-situ characterization, secondary batteries, electrochemical processes, interfacial evolution mechanisms

中图分类号:

TM 911

冀昱辰, 杨卢奕, 林海, 潘锋. 原位表征技术在电池界面演化机制研究中的应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0743.

Yuchen JI, Luyi YANG, Hai LIN, Feng PAN. Applications of In-Situ Characterization Techniques in Studying Battery Interfacial Evolution Mechanisms[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0743.

图/表 13

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原位表征名称	测试信息
原位原子力显微镜	纳米尺度形貌分析/杨氏模量/粘着力
原位三维激光共聚焦显微镜	微米尺度形貌分析
电化学石英晶体天平	纳克级别质量称量
电化学微分质谱	气体分析
原位拉曼光谱	成分解析
原位傅里叶变换红外光谱	成分解析

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