考虑多重死区影响的储能电站虚拟惯量协调优化策略

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1187

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对高比例电力电子新型电力系统惯量不足的问题，协调优化调节储能电站的虚拟惯量是改善电力系统整体惯量水平、维持频率安全的有效措施。同步机组和储能电站的死区产生的非线性环节对系统频率响应特性有明显影响，从而劣化储能电站虚拟惯量的优化结果。由于储能电站死区范围与虚拟惯量均灵活可调，目前缺少同步机组与储能不同死区作用下虚拟惯量与系统频率定量关系方面的研究。针对该问题，本文首先构建了同时考虑同步机组一次调频死区、储能虚拟惯量死区和一次调频死区三重死区作用下的系统功频特性模型，通过解析系统频率动态响应时域解，探讨了储能虚拟惯量参数对频率安全指标的影响；其次，计及考虑多重死区的功频特性模型为基准的频率安全指标约束以及电池物理约束，提出新型电力系统多储能电站虚拟惯量协调优化策略；最后，利用改进粒子群算法进行优化求解，仿真验证了所提惯量协调优化策略具有更高的可靠性和准确度，能够有效降低系统的最大频率偏差，增强系统的频率安全性。

关键词: 储能电站, 死区, 虚拟惯量, 频率安全, 参数优化

Abstract:

Optimizing and regulating the virtual inertia of energy storage stations is an effective measure to improve the overall inertia level of the power system and maintain frequency safety, in response to the problem of insufficient inertia in high proportion power electronic new power systems. The nonlinear links generated by the deadband of synchronous units and energy storage plants have a significant impact on the frequency response characteristics of the system, thus degrading the optimization results of the virtual inertia of energy storage plants. Because the deadband range and virtual inertia of the energy storage power station are flexible and adjustable, there is a lack of quantitative analysis of virtual inertia and system frequency under the action of different energy storage deadband. In order to solve this problem, this paper first constructs a system power frequency characteristic model considering the effects of energy storage, traditional synchronous machine deadband and virtual inertia. By analyzing the dynamic time-domain response of the system frequency, the influence of virtual inertia parameters on frequency safety indicators in energy storage control was explored. Next, based on this model, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the virtual inertia and improve the frequency index of the system. Finally, through sim-ulation verification, the virtual inertia optimization strategy considering multiple deadband has higher reliability and accuracy, can effectively reduce the maximum frequency deviation of the system, and thus enhance the frequency security of the system.

Key words: Energy Storage power station, deadband, Virtual inertia, frequency security, parameter optimization

中图分类号:

TM73

胡志勇, 黄志博, 王博, 王延平, 石磊, 杨向真. 考虑多重死区影响的储能电站虚拟惯量协调优化策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1187.

Zhiyong Hu, Zhibo Huang, Bo Wang, Yanping Wang, Lei Shi, Xiangzhen Yang. Virtual inertia optimization strategy for energy storage power plants considering multiple deadband[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1187.

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储能电站	方案一	方案二
储能聚合惯量	4.29	4.19
储能电站1	3.94	4.11
储能电站2	4.52	4.23
储能电站3	4.27	4.19

储能电站	方案一	方案二
储能聚合惯量	3.81	3.75
储能电站1	3.44	3.41
储能电站2	3.94	3.88
储能电站3	3.87	3.81

储能电站	0.03	0.035	0.04	0.045	0.05
储能聚合惯量	4.16	4.24	4.32	4.40	4.60
储能电站1	3.96	4.03	4.08	4.13	4.31
储能电站2	4.23	4.42	4.52	4.61	4.70
储能电站3	4.19	4.19	4.27	4.34	4.66

储能电站	工况一	工况二
储能聚合惯量	4.16	4.39	4.60
储能电站1	3.96	4.18	4.31
储能电站2	4.23	4.57	4.70
储能电站3	4.19	4.33	4.66

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