多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制方法研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0524

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决大量可再生新能源接入电网系统稳定性差、快速调频难的问题，本文提出了一种适用于调频工况下的多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制方法。首先，针对现有多端口能量路由器(小水电、光伏、储能及并网端口)调频控制策略易引发低频失稳问题，本文先对能量路由器控制方法进行了分析，结合小信号阻抗建模方法，推导出多端口能量路由器各端口阻抗模型；然后，根据能量路由器各端口的等效阻抗模型，研究多端口能量路由器失稳及稳定运行机理，得出能量路由器现有调频控制策略易出现感性阻抗、容性阻抗及负阻尼阻抗交互，端口阻抗相交处的相位差大于180°、Nyguist图顺时针包围了(-1,0j)点，系统易发生低频振荡失稳，而采用本文所提新的能量路由器快速频率响应控制策略能保证端口阻抗相交处的相位差小于180°、Nyguist图不包围 (-1,0j)点，保证了系统稳定运行，为调频工况多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制提供了理论指导及技术支撑；最后，通过仿真验证了所提的多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制方法的正确性。

关键词: 一次调频, 多端口能量路由器, 稳定性分析

Abstract:

To solve the problems of poor stability and difficulty in rapid frequency regulation of a large number of renewable new energy sources connected to the power grid system, this paper proposes a fast frequency response and stability control method for multi-port energy routers suitable for frequency regulation conditions. Firstly, in response to the low-frequency instability problem caused by the frequency modulation control strategy of existing multi-port energy routers (small hydro power, photovoltaic, energy storage, and grid connected ports), this paper first analyzes the control methods of energy routers, and combines small signal impedance modeling methods to derive impedance models for each port of multi-port energy routers; Then, based on the equivalent impedance model of each port of the energy router, the instability and stable operation mechanism of the multi-port energy router were studied. It was found that the existing frequency modulation control strategy of the energy router is prone to the interaction of inductive impedance, capacitive impedance, and negative damping impedance. The phase difference at the intersection of port impedances is greater than 180 °, and the Nyquist plot clockwise surrounds the point of (-1,0j), which makes the system prone to low-frequency oscillation instability. However, adopting the new fast frequency response control strategy of the energy router proposed in this paper can ensure that the phase difference at the intersection of port impedances is less than 180 °, and the Nyquist plot does not surround the point of (-1,0j), ensuring the stable operation of the system. This provides theoretical guidance and technical support for the fast frequency response and stable control of multi-port energy routers under frequency modulation conditions; Finally, the correctness of the proposed fast frequency response and stable control method for multi port energy routers was verified by simulation.

Key words: Primary frequency regulation, Multi port energy router, Stability analysis

中图分类号:

TM712

孙召琴, 黎可, 杜杲娴, 胡晨, 牛萌, 朱真. 多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制方法研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0524.

Zhaoqin Sun, Ke Li, Gaoxian Du, Chen Hu, Meng Niu, Zhen Zhu. Research on Fast Frequency Response and Stable Control Method of Multi Port Energy Router[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0524.

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系统参数	控制策略1	控制策略2
水电端口变换器滤波电感值L_w	0.4 mH
光伏端口变换器滤波电感值L_pv	0.8 mH
光伏端口输入侧电容值C_pv	3300 µF
储能端口变换器滤波电感值L_bat	0.8 mH
并网端口变换器侧电感值L_i	0.4 mH
直流侧电容值C	1800 µF
水电端口变换器控制器	k_puw=1.2, k_iuw=400, k_piw=5, k_iiw=3000	k_ppw=0.05, k_ipw=10, k_piw=1.25, k_iiw=250
光伏端口变换器控制器	k_vppv=1, k_vipv=400, k_ippv=12, k_iipv=3000
储能端口变换器控制器	k_pibat=0.00744, k_iibat=5.699
并网端口变换器控制器	k_ppi=0.05, k_ipi=10, k_pii=1.25, k_iii=250	k_pui=1.2, k_iui=400, k_pii=5, k_iii=3000