AlPO4包覆含氧空位LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2材料的制备及电化学性能研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0932

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究针对LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ (NCM523) 正极材料循环容量衰减快与倍率性能差等问题，提出了一种“氧空位缺陷工程与界面保护”相结合的协同改性策略。通过NaBH₄化学还原法在材料中成功引入氧空位，并在其表面构建了均匀（约10 nm）的AlPO₄包覆层。通过EPR表征证实了氧空位的存在，TEM与EDS分析则证明了材料表面存在均匀的AlPO₄包覆层。通过电化学测试表明，AlPO₄@VONCM523材料在0.1 C下首次放电容量为185.9 mAh/g，在1 C倍率下循环200次后容量保持率为73.66 %（高于NCM523的50.84 %），并通过倍率测试证明AlPO₄@VONCM523材料在5 C的高倍率下仍具有99.6 mAh/g的可逆容量。CV与EIS测试结果展现了较低的电极极化（ΔE=0.12 V）和较小的电荷转移阻抗（Rct=189.17 Ω），对应着更快的动力学；氧空位被证明有利于提高电极的电子电导率。AlPO₄包覆层则有效抑制了界面副反应，二者协同作用，共同提升了材料的循环稳定性和倍率性能。该策略为开发高性能、长寿命锂离子电池正极材料提供了新的思路。

关键词: 锂离子电池, NCM523；氧空位, AlPO4包覆, 协同改性, 电化学性能

Abstract: This study addresses the issues of rapid cycling capacity decay and poor rate performance in LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ (NCM523) cathode materials by proposing a synergistic modification strategy combining "defect engineering and interfacial protection." Oxygen vacancies were successfully introduced into the bulk phase via NaBH₄ chemical reduction, while a uniform, dense AlPO₄ coating approximately 10 nm thick was formed on the surface using a liquid-phase method. Structural characterization (EPR signal at g=2.003) confirmed the presence of oxygen vacancies, while TEM and EDS analysis demonstrated uniform coverage of the AlPO₄ coating. Electrochemical testing demonstrated that the modified AlPO₄@VONCM523 material exhibited an initial discharge capacity of 185.9 mAh/g at 0.1 C. After 200 cycles at 1 C, its capacity retention improved to 73.66 % (significantly higher than the 50.84 % of the pristine material), and it maintained a reversible capacity of 99.6 mAh/g even at the high rate of 5 C. CV and EIS tests further revealed low electrode polarization (ΔE = 0.12 V) and reduced charge transfer resistance (Rct = 189.17 Ω), indicating significantly improved reaction kinetics. Research indicates that oxygen vacancies enhance the material's electronic conductivity, while the AlPO₄ coating effectively suppresses interfacial side reactions. The synergistic effect of these two factors collectively improves the material's cycling stability and rate performance. This synergistic strategy offers new insights for developing high-performance, long-life cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Key words: Lithium-ion battery, NCM523, oxygen vacancy, AlPO₄ coating, synergistic modification, electrochemical performance

中图分类号:

TB34
TM91

陈凯宇, 夏雨菡, 王嘉琦, 刘博宇, 望红玉. AlPO₄包覆含氧空位LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂材料的制备及电化学性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0932.

Chen Kai-yu, XIA Yu-han, WANG Jia-qi, LIU Bo-yu, WANG Hong-yu. Preparation and Electrochemical Performance Study of AlPO₄-Coated Oxygen Vacancy-Containing LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ Material[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0932.

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AlPO₄包覆含氧空位LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂材料的制备及电化学性能研究

Preparation and Electrochemical Performance Study of AlPO₄-Coated Oxygen Vacancy-Containing LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ Material

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