含相变储能的风/光/热电联产综合能源系统优化调度

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0515

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着电网中风电和光伏的占比不断提高，在供暖期热电联产机组调峰能力不足导致的弃风、弃光问题愈发凸显。相变储能技术对提升综合能源系统的灵活性、鲁棒性具有积极作用。为此，本工作建立了含热泵相变储能系统的风/光/燃气热电联产综合能源系统模型，模型以弃风、弃光量最少和总运行成本最低为优化目标，以系统总热电功率平衡、各能源模块出力和储能设备容量状态等为约束条件，提出了一种基于精英反向学习的双适应度粒子群优化算法，精英反向学习策略提升了算法的求解性能，双适应度算法解决了罚因子难以取值的问题，通过案例证明了改进后的优化算法具有更强的全局寻优能力和更快的计算速度。结果表明增设相变储能系统可以有效提升系统的风电、光伏利用率，系统的弃风、弃光量由不含相变储能系统时的722.1 kWh/d下降到163.4 kWh/d，降幅达77.4%；相变储能系统提升了系统内热电联产机组的运行稳定性，降低了天然气消耗量，系统运行成本从2488.5元/天降到2389.5元/天，经济效益显著。

关键词: 热电联产, 弃风弃光, 相变储能, 改进粒子群算法, 调度优化

Abstract:

With the increasing proportion of wind power and photovoltaic power grids, the problem of wind and solar abandonment caused by an insufficient peak shaving capacity of cogeneration units becomes more evident during the hot weather. Phase change energy storage technology positively improves the flexibility and robustness of the integrated energy system. Therefore, this study establishes a comprehensive energy system model of wind/solar/gas cogeneration based on the phase change energy storage system (PCESS) with a heat pump. In this model, the least amount of wind and solar abandonment and the lowest total operating cost are optimization objectives, while the thermoelectric power balance, the output of each system's energy module, and the capacity status of energy storage equipment are constraints. Then, a dual fitness particleswarm optimization algorithm based on elite reverse learning is proposed. The elite reverse learning strategy enhances the algorithm's performance in finding solutions. The dual fitness algorithm solves the problem that the penalty function factor is difficult to obtain. Through case calculation, the improved optimization algorithm has a stronger global optimization ability and a faster calculation speed. According to the calculations, adding PCESS can effectively improve the system's wind power and photovoltaic energy utilization efficiency. The system's wind/solar output decreases from 722.1 kWh/d without PCESS to 163.4 kWh/d (a 77.4% decrease). PCESS improves the operation stability of cogeneration units in the system and reduces natural gas consumption. The system's operating cost decreases from 2488.5 to 2389.5 CNY/d, bringing remarkable economic benefits.

Key words: cogeneration, abandoning wind and solar, phase change energy-storage system, modified particle swarm, scheduling optimization

中图分类号:

TM 715

胡健, 任育杰, 杜金魁, 刘元, 刘丹. 含相变储能的风/光/热电联产综合能源系统优化调度[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(3): 968-975.

Jian HU, Yujie REN, Jinkui DU, Yuan LIU, Dan LIU. Optimal scheduling of an integrated wind/solar/gas cogeneration energy system with phase change energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(3): 968-975.

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设备	参数	数值
CHP	最大发电功率/kW	300
	最小发电功率/kW	100
	最大热电比	2
	效率	0.35
PCESS	热泵电功率/kW	20
	热泵供热功率/kW	50
	热泵电热转换系数	2.5
	热泵运维系数/(元/kWh)	0.02
	相变材料蓄热供热功率/kW	50
	相变材料热容量/kW	150
	相变材料储热效率	95%
储能电池	充放电功率/kW	100
	储能容量/kWh	300
	充放电效率	90%
	充放电深度	0.1～0.9
	运维系数/(元/kWh)	0.05

项目	方案一	方案二
弃风/光量/kWh	722.1	163.4
CHP电出力/kWh	3059.1	2787
CHP热出力/kWh	6074.1	5338
系统运行成本/(元/天)	2488.5	2389.5

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