多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制方法

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0524

储能科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (8): 2970-2982.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0524

• 短时高频高功率储能专辑 • 上一篇

多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制方法

孙召琴¹(), 黎可¹, 杜杲娴¹, 胡晨¹, 牛萌¹, 朱真²()

^1.中国电力科学研究院有限公司，北京 100192
^2.湖南大学电气与信息工程学院，湖南长沙 410082

收稿日期:2025-06-03 修回日期:2025-07-01 出版日期:2025-08-28 发布日期:2025-08-18
通讯作者: 朱真 E-mail:sunzhaoqin@epri.sgcc.com.cn;zhuzhen332120507@163.com
作者简介:孙召琴（1985—），女，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为电化学储能技术，E-mail：sunzhaoqin@epri.sgcc.com.cn；
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB2404800);博士后国（境）外交流项目-澳门青年学者计划(AM2024006);长沙市自然科学基金项目(kq2502266);能源互联网山西省重点实验室开放基金项目(EI202407)

Fast frequency response and stable control of multi-port energy router

Zhaoqin SUN¹(), Ke LI¹, Gaoxian DU¹, Chen HU¹, Meng NIU¹, Zhen ZHU²()

^1.China Electric Power Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 100192, China
^2.College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China

Received:2025-06-03 Revised:2025-07-01 Online:2025-08-28 Published:2025-08-18
Contact: Zhen ZHU E-mail:sunzhaoqin@epri.sgcc.com.cn;zhuzhen332120507@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决大量可再生新能源接入电网系统稳定性差、快速调频难的问题，本工作提出了一种适用于调频工况下的多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制方法。首先，针对现有多端口能量路由器(小水电、光伏、储能及并网端口)调频控制策略易引发低频失稳问题，对能量路由器控制方法进行了分析，结合小信号阻抗建模方法，推导出多端口能量路由器各端口阻抗模型；然后，根据能量路由器各端口的等效阻抗模型，研究多端口能量路由器失稳及稳定运行机理，得出能量路由器现有调频控制策略易出现感性阻抗、容性阻抗及负阻尼阻抗交互，端口阻抗相交处的相位差大于180°、Nyguist图顺时针包围了(-1, 0j)点，系统易发生低频振荡失稳，而采用本工作所提新的能量路由器快速频率响应控制策略能保证端口阻抗相交处的相位差小于180°、Nyguist图不包围(-1, 0j)点，保证了系统稳定运行，为调频工况多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制提供了理论指导及技术支撑；最后，通过仿真模拟验证了所提多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制方法的正确性。

关键词: 一次调频, 多端口能量路由器, 稳定性分析

Abstract:

To address the poor stability and difficulty in rapid frequency regulation for a large number of renewable new energy sources connected to the power grid system, a method of achieving a fast frequency response and controlling the stability of multi-port energy routers under frequency regulation conditions was developed. First, to address the low-frequency instability caused by the strategy used to control the frequency modulation in existing multi-port energy routers (small hydro power, photovoltaic, energy storage, and grid connected ports), methods of controlling energy routers were analyzed by combining small signal impedance modeling methods to derive impedance models for each port of multi-port energy routers. Based on the equivalent impedance model of each port of the energy router, the instability and mechanism of achieving stable operation of the multi-port energy router were studied. The existing strategy for controlling the frequency modulation in energy routers is susceptible to interaction of the inductive impedance, capacitive impedance, and negative damping impedance. The phase difference at the intersection of port impedances is greater than 180°, and the Nyquist plot surrounds the (-1, 0j) point in a clockwise manner, making the system prone to instability during low-frequency oscillation. However, the new, fast-frequency-response control strategy proposed herein for the energy router can ensure that the phase difference at the intersection of port impedances is less than 180° and the Nyquist plot does not surround the (-1, 0j) point, ensuring stable operation of the system. The data provide theoretical guidance and technical support for achieving a fast frequency response and stable control of multi-port energy routers under frequency modulation conditions. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method for achieving a fast-frequency response and stable control of multi-port energy routers was verified by simulation.

Key words: primary frequency regulation, multi port energy router, stability analysis

中图分类号:

TM 712

孙召琴, 黎可, 杜杲娴, 胡晨, 牛萌, 朱真. 多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(8): 2970-2982.

Zhaoqin SUN, Ke LI, Gaoxian DU, Chen HU, Meng NIU, Zhen ZHU. Fast frequency response and stable control of multi-port energy router[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(8): 2970-2982.

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系统参数	控制策略1	控制策略2
水电端口变换器滤波电感值L_w	0.4 mH
光伏端口变换器滤波电感值L_pv	0.8 mH
光伏端口输入侧电容值C_pv	3300 µF
储能端口变换器滤波电感值L_bat	0.8 mH
并网端口变换器电感值L_i	0.4 mH
直流侧电容值C	1800 µF
水电端口变换器控制器	k_puw=1.2、k_iuw=400、k_piw=5、k_iiw=3000	k_ppw=0.05、k_ipw=10、k_piw=1.25、k_iiw=250
光伏端口变换器控制器	k_vppv=1、k_vipv=400、k_ippv=12、k_iipv=3000
储能端口变换器控制器	k_pibat=0.00744、k_iibat=5.699
并网端口变换器控制器	k_ppi=0.05、k_ipi=10、k_pii=1.25、k_iii=250	k_pui=1.2、k_iui=400、k_pii=5、k_iii=3000

多端口能量路由器快速频率响应及稳定控制方法

Fast frequency response and stable control of multi-port energy router

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