MXene基纳米材料在氧还原电催化中的应用

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0458

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氧气还原反应(ORR)是燃料电池和金属-空气电池中的一个关键过程，反应动力学缓慢是制约其发展的瓶颈。MXene基纳米材料(包括MXenes复合材料)作为一种新型的二维层状材料，具有丰富的组成、高比表面积和化学稳定性、可调电子状态、大量暴露的活性位点等独特的结构特点，被认为是当前最有前途的一类ORR电催化剂或载体。开发高性能MXene基ORR催化剂为加速燃料电池和金属-空气电池阴极的缓慢ORR提供了新的途径。本文通过对近期相关文献进行分类总结，综述了MXene基ORR催化剂的设计原则，着重介绍了MXenes和MXenes复合材料在合成策略，组分、形态、结构与其电催化性能之间的构效关系，以及材料电催化反应机理等方面的最新研究进展。综合分析表明，通过构建MXene/过渡金属氧化物、MXene/过渡金属硫族化物、MXene/过渡金属氮化物、MXene/碳基材料、MXene/金属等MXenes复合材料，有望获得高活性、高稳定性的MXene基ORR催化剂。最后，本文提出该类催化剂目前在实际应用中面临的挑战，并指出MXene基纳米材料在电催化ORR方面的未来发展趋势。

关键词: MXenes, 电催化剂, 氧还原反应, 构效关系, 反应机理

Abstract:

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a key process in fuel cell and metal-air cells, and whose sluggish reaction kinetics is the bottleneck restricting its development. MXene-based materials (including MXenes composite materials) as a new type of two-dimensional (2D) layered structural materials have unique structural features such as rich composition, high specific surface area and high chemical stability, tunable electronic state, a large number of exposed active sites and so on, and they are considered to be the most promising ORR electrocatalysts or electrocatalyst supports. Therefore, the development of high-performance MXene-based ORR catalysts provides a new way to accelerate the sluggish ORR of fuel cells and/ or metal-air battery cathodes. Herein, we classify and summarize the development of recent related literatures, reviewing of the design principles of MXene-based ORR catalysts, focusing on the latest research progress of MXenes and MXenes composite materials in terms of synthesis strategy, structure-activity relationship between components, morphology, structure and its electrocatalytic performance, as well as the electrocatalytic reaction mechanism of materials. Comprehensive analysis shows that MXenes composite materials, such as MXene/ transition metal oxides, MXene/ transition metal choridides, MXene/ transition metal nitrides, MXene/ carbon-based materials and MXene/ metal, are expected to achieve high performance and high stability of MXene-based ORR catalysts. Finally, some challenges in the current application of MXene-based nanomaterials are presented, and the future prospects of the MXene-based ORR electrocatalysts are proposed.

Key words: MXenes, electrocatalysts, oxygen reduction reaction, structure-activity relationship, reaction mechanism

中图分类号:

TM 911

李月霞, 刘全兵. MXene基纳米材料在氧还原电催化中的应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(6): 1918-1930.

Yuexia LI, Quanbing LIU. Application of MXene-based nanomaterials in electrocatalysis for oxygen reduction reaction[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(6): 1918-1930.

图/表 3

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