Electrochemical and thermal behavior simulation experiments based on multiscale lithium ion batteries

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2019.0185

Abstract

Abstract:

The stacked lithium-ion batteries comprise many identical electrode-cell combinations. The internal physicochemical properties of each electrode significantly affect the battery performance. However, these properties are difficult to be experimentally measured. In this study, a three-dimensional electrochemical-thermal coupling model is proposed by coupling the mass, charge, energy, and electrochemical kinetic equations. The time-space distribution of the electrochemical behavior and thermal properties of a stacked lithium-ion battery is studied. The simulation results denote that during the discharge process, a significant distribution gradient can be observed between the potential distribution and the current density distribution with respect to the connection between the pole and plate; furthermore, the current density is the highest at the positive pole, the increase in temperature is the highest, and the increase in temperature is reached at the end of discharge. The maximum temperature is 8 °C. The rate of increase in temperature differs at different positions of the battery. In the early discharge stage, the rate of increase in temperature is higher near the ear area and lower away from the ear; as the discharge process is deeper, the rate of increase in temperature increases away from the ear. The model established in this study can accurately predict the electrochemical behavior and temperature field distribution inside a lithium-ion battery, which will help to provide a relevant basis for subsequent structural optimization and thermal management of the batteries.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, three-dimensional electrochemical-thermal coupling, electrochemical behavior, thermal characteristics

CLC Number:

TM 912

ZHANG Zhichao, ZHENG Lili, DU Guangchao, DAI Zuoqiang, ZHANG Hongsheng. Electrochemical and thermal behavior simulation experiments based on multiscale lithium ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(1): 124-130.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.1

Fig. 8

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

References 15

1	刘金枝，杨鹏，李练兵. 一种基于能量建模的锂离子电池电量估算方法[J]. 电工技术学报， 2015， 30(13)： 100-107.
	LIU J Z,YANG P,LI L B. A method for estimating the quantity of lithium ion battery based on energy modeling[J]. Journal of Electrotechnics, 2015, 30(13): 100-107.
2	王春梅. 商业用手机锂离子电池高效化成和充电方法研究[D]. 哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学， 2015.
	WANG C M. Research on high efficiency formation and charging method of commercial cell phone lithium ion battery[D]. Heilongjiang: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2015.
3	姚雷. 电动车辆动力电池充电特性与控制基础问题研究[D]. 北京：北京理工大学， 2016.
	YAO L.Research on charging characteristics and control basic pro-blems of electric vehicle power battery[D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology, 2016.
4	张剑波，吴彬，李哲. 车用动力锂离子电池热模拟与热设计的研发状况与展望[J]. 集成技术， 2014， 3(1)： 18-26.
	ZHANG J B, WU B, LI Z. Development and prospect of thermal simulation and thermal design for vehicle power lithium ion batteries[J]. Journal of Integration Technology， 2014， 3(1)： 18-26.
5	孙祥明. 大容量层叠结构LiMn₂O₄锂离子电池的制备及性能研究[J]. 河南科技， 2014(21)： 72.
	SUN X M. preparation and properties of LiMn₂O₄ lithium ion battery with large capacity stacked structure[J].Henan Science and Technology， 2014(21)： 72.
6	刘英. 大容量层叠结构LiMn₂O₄锂离子电池的制备及性能研究[D]. 长沙：湖南大学， 2013.
	LIU Y. Preparation and properties of LiMn₂O₄ lithium ion battery with large capacity stacked structure[D]. Changsha： Hunan University， 2013.
7	CHIEW J, CHIN C S, TOH W D,et al. A pseudo three-dimensional electrochemical-thermal model of a cylindrical LiFePO₄/graphite battery[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2019, 147, doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.10.108 .
8	刘岸晖, 甘小燕, 何佩芸, 等. 锂离子电池热模型的研究动态[J]. 电源学报, 2019, 17(1): 95-103.
	LIU A H， GAN X Y， HE P Y， et al.Research trends of thermal models for lithium ion batteries[J]. Chinese Journal of Power Sources, 2019, 17(1): 95-103.
9	史玉军. 车用锂离子电池热分析[D]. 昆明：昆明理工大学, 2017.
	SHI Y J. Thermal analysis of lithium ion battery for vehicles[D].Kunming: Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2017.
10	张立军，李文博，程洪正. 三维锂离子单电池电化学-热耦合模型[J]. 电源技术， 2016， 40(7)： 1362-1366+1490.
	ZHANG L J, LI W B, CHENG H Z.Three-dimensional lithium ion single cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model[J].Chinese Journal of Power Sources, 2016，40(7)： 1362-1366+1490.
11	季迎旭，王明旺，孙威，等. 动力电池建模与应用综述[J]. 电源技术， 2016， 40(3)： 740-742.
	JI Y X, WANG M W, SUN W, et al. Overview of power battery modeling and application[J]. Chinese Journal of Power Sources， 2016， 40(3)： 740-742.
12	陈萍，姚汪兵，周元，等. 集流体对锂离子动力电池性能影响研究[J]. 电源技术， 2015， 39(5)： 900-901+916.
	CHEN P, YAO W B, ZHOU Y, et al.Study on the influence of current collector on the performance of lithium ion power battery[J]. Chinese Journal of Power Sources， 2015， 39(5)： 900-901+916.
13	汤依伟，艾亮，程昀，等. 锂离子动力电池高倍率充放电过程中弛豫行为的仿真[J]. 物理学报， 2016， 65(5)： 340-349.
	TANG Y W, AI L, CHENG J, et al. Simulation of relaxation behavior in lithium ion power battery during high rate charge and discharge[J]. Acta Physica Sinica， 2016， 65(5)： 340-349.
14	宋丽，魏学哲，戴海峰，等. 锂离子电池单体热模型研究动态[J]. 汽车工程， 2013， 35(3)： 285-291.
	SONG L, WEI X Z, DAI H F, et al. Research on thermal model of lithium ion battery cell[J]. Automotive Engineering， 2013， 35(3)： 285-291.
15	MARYAM G, FARID B, GHOLAM N, et al. Electrochemical-thermal model of pouch-type lithium-ion batteries[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2017, 247， doi: 10. 1016/jelectacta. 2017.06.164.

参数		负极	正极	隔膜	电解液	铝片	铜片
设计参数	厚度/um	32	70	25	—	6.2	10
	固相体积分数	0.58	0.43	—	—	—	—
	液相体积分数	0.3	0.5	0.54	—	—	—
	活性颗粒半径 /um	0.037	3.5	—	—	—	—
电化学参数	初始锂离子浓度 /（mol·m^-3）	—	—	—	2000	—
	最大可嵌锂浓度 /（mol·m^-3）	31480	22000	—	—	—	—
	初始锂离子浓度 /（mol·m^-3）	29906	21516	—	—	—	—
	阴阳极传递系数	0.5	0.5	—	—	—	—
	电导率/（S·m^-1）	100	0.5	—	—	—	—
	离子扩散率 /m²·s^-1	9*10^-14[8]	8*10^-18[]	—	—	—	—
	法拉第常数 /C·mol^-1	96487	—	—	—	—	—
	参考温度/K	298.15	—	—	—	—	—

材料密度/kg·m^-3 比热容/J·kg·K^-1 热传导系数/W·m·K^-1
铝正极隔膜负极铜	2700	900	238
	2300	1270	1.4
	990	2000	0.334
	1350	950	1.1
	8933	385	400

[1]	Shunmin YI, Linbo XIE, Li PENG. Remaining useful life prediction of lithium-ion batteries based on VF-DW-DFN [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2305-2315.
[2]	Qingwei ZHU, Xiaoli YU, Qichao WU, Yidan XU, Fenfang CHEN, Rui HUANG. Semi-empirical degradation model of lithium-ion battery with high energy density [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2324-2331.
[3]	Yuzuo WANG, Jin WANG, Yinli LU, Dianbo RUAN. Study on the effects of pore structure on lithium-storage performances for soft carbon [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2023-2029.
[4]	Wei KONG, Jingtao JIN, Xipo LU, Yang SUN. Study on cooling performance of lithium ion batteries with symmetrical serpentine channel [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2258-2265.
[5]	YAN Qiaoyi, WU Feng, CHEN Renjie, LI Li. Recovery and resource recycling of graphite anode materials for spent lithium-ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1760-1771.
[6]	WANG Yuzuo, DENG Miao, WANG Jin, YANG Bin, LU Yinli, JIN Ge, RUAN Dianbo. Study on the effects of carbonization temperature on lithium-storage kinetics for soft carbon [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1715-1724.
[7]	YU Chunhui, HE Ziying, ZHANG Chenxi, LIN Xianqing, XIAO Zhexi, WEI Fei. The analyses and suppressing strategies of silicon anode with the electrolyte [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1749-1759.
[8]	WANG Can, MA Pan, ZHU Guoliang, WEI Shuimiao, YANG Zhilu, ZHANG Zhiyu. Effect of lithium acrylic-coated nature graphite on its electrochemical properties [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1706-1714.
[9]	LIU Hangxin, CHEN Xiantao, SUN Qiang, ZHAO Chenxi. Cycle performance characteristics of soft pack lithium-ion batteries under vacuum environment [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1806-1815.
[10]	Guangyu CHENG, Xinwei LIU, Yueni MEI, Honghui GU, Cheng YANG, Ke WANG. Capacity fading analysis of lithium-ion battery after high temperature storage [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1339-1349.
[11]	Yanwen DAI, Aiqing YU. Combined CNN-LSTM and GRU based health feature parameters for lithium-ion batteries SOH estimation [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1641-1649.
[12]	Chunjing LIN, Danhua LI, Haoran WEN, Tianyi MA, Hong CHANG, Peixiang CHANG, Haiqiang LI, Shiqiang LIU. Research on swelling force characteristics of power battery during charging [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1627-1633.
[13]	Qiaomin KE, Jian GUO, Yiwei WANG, Wenjiong CAO, Man CHEN, Fangming JIANG. The effect of liquid-cooled thermal management on thermal runaway of power battery [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1634-1640.
[14]	Jun WANG, Lin RUAN, Yanliang QIU. Research progress on rapid heating methods for lithium-ion battery in low-temperature [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1563-1574.
[15]	Zhenkai HU, Bo LEI, Yongqi LI, Youjie SHI, Qikai LEI, Zhipeng HE. Comparative study on safety test and evaluation methods of lithium-ion batteries for energy storage [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1650-1656.