Variation and mechanism of lithium-ion concentration in the liquid phase during charging and discharging cycles

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0001

Abstract

Abstract:

The change of concentration of lithium-ion in the liquid phase between the cathode and anode was monitored through the potential of battery, cathode, and anode with different charge and discharge rates using a three-electrode battery in this article. The trend of concentration variation of lithium-ion in liquid phase between the cathode and anode was also investigated using a three-electrode battery with different layers separator. The apparent chemical diffusion coefficient of the cathode and anode in a three-electrode battery was tested by GITT. The results are as follows: the concentration change of lithium-ion in the liquid phase between the cathode and anode during charging and discharging is related to the potential of an anode (vs. Li), and the concentration of lithium-ion in the liquid phase between the cathode and anode during charging is larger than the discharging. During charging, the higher the rate, the larger the concentration of lithium-ion in the liquid phase between the cathode and anode, and the opposite for discharging. Increasing the diffusion path by increasing the number of separator layers between the cathode and anode, the concentration of lithium-ion in the liquid phase between the cathode and anode decreases with the increase in layers, and the changing trend of the concentration of lithium-ion in the liquid phase remains unchanged. However, the concentration of lithium-ion in the liquid phase near the side of the cathode and anode is still different. The apparent chemical diffusion coefficient of lithium-ion in cathode (3.57×10^-9～5.63×10^-8cm²·s^-1) is greater than that in the anode (1.16×10^-10～8.21×10^-8cm²·s^-1). The trend of the diffusion coefficient of lithium-ion in an anode is related to the potential of an anode (vs. Li). The results showed that the deintercalation rate of lithium-ion in cathode is faster than that in anode, and the concentration change of lithium-ion in the liquid phase between the cathode and anode was controlled by the anode.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, liquid phase lithium ion concentration, concentration battery, three-electrode battery, diffusion coefficient

CLC Number:

TM 912.9

Suxia SHAO, Zhendong ZHU, Wen PENG, Juan DAI, Hao WU. Variation and mechanism of lithium-ion concentration in the liquid phase during charging and discharging cycles[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(3): 1187-1195.

Figures/Tables 6

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Table 1

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浓差电池	浓度C_high/mol·L^-1	Inc_high	电压/V	dU/dInc_high
Li(1 mol/L LiPF₆)\|\|(1.00 mol/L LiPF₆)Li	1.00	0	0	0.0904
Li(1 mol/L LiPF₆)\|\|(1.25 mol/L LiPF₆)Li	1.25	0.223144	0.016
Li(1 mol/L LiPF₆)\|\|(1.50 mol/L LiPF₆)Li	1.50	0.405465	0.032
Li(1 mol/L LiPF₆)\|\|(1.75 mol/L LiPF₆)Li	1.75	0.559616	0.049
Li(1 mol/L LiPF₆)\|\|(2.00 mol/L LiPF₆)Li	2.00	0.693147	0.062

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