Health-status detection of lead-acid battery based on AC impedance spectroscopy

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0427

Abstract

Abstract:

The valve-regulated lead-ACID Batteries (VRLA), as a reserve DC power supply, is widely used in substations, and its performance directly affects the safe operation of the core equipment of the substation. Therefore, the state-of-health (SOH) is an important indicator for evaluating the deterioration of battery performance. However, the evaluation of the SOH of VRLA by using the verification capacity method results in a long cycle and high cost. To quickly and conveniently obtain the SOH of the lead-acid battery, this study proposes a fast detection device based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) substation for determining the SOH of lead-acid batteries. This device injects 0.1-200 Hz of sinusoidal incentive current through the battery, and the response voltage at different frequencies is obtained using the adjustable secondary amplifier circuit. The battery EIS is obtained by calculating the fast Fourier transform (FFT). The impedance measurement range is wider and the measurement time is faster. By considering the battery AC impedance spectrum of different health states as the benchmark, the analysis of the EIS signal is compared with the standard battery AC impedance spectrum, and segmented impedance-related evaluation methods are used to determine the health status of the target battery. The propose method integrates the EIS measurement with SOH. The experiments show that the average error of the SOH-detection results of different batteries is 0.69%, the maximum error is 2.041%, and the test time is less than 2 min.

Key words: lead-acid batteries, AC impedance spectroscopy, state of health, quick assessment

CLC Number:

TM 912

Runxing LIU, Yucheng GAI, Pinzhe YANG, Wei ZHANG, Qin LIU, Zejun DING, Xizhe MO. Health-status detection of lead-acid battery based on AC impedance spectroscopy[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(11): 3499-3507.

Figures/Tables 13

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电池序号	SOH
1号电池	100.00%
2号电池	92.73%
3号电池	80.91%
4号电池	71.74%

项目	1号电池	2号电池	3号电池	4号电池	5号电池
SOH测量值/%	85.03	80.08	78.46	77.06	98.21
SOH估计值/%	84.59	81.71	78.79	77.34	98.38
误差/%	0.526	2.041	0.417	0.360	0.140

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