Estimation of internal battery temperature based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0134

Abstract

Abstract:

The widespread application of lithium-ion batteries in the fields of new energy vehicles and energy storage presents challenges in accurately estimating their internal states, particularly the temperature within the battery core, which is crucial for thermal runaway prediction. This paper reviews classical sensor-less methods for battery temperature detection and introduces the current approach based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for temperature estimation. It investigates the influence of internal battery parameters on temperature estimation using EIS and analyzes the relationship between impedance magnitude, phase angle, and temperature for high-capacity ternary lithium-ion power batteries at different frequencies. A model for online temperature estimation of lithium-ion batteries based on EIS is proposed, which achieves accurate estimation of internal battery temperature by analyzing the relationship between impedance magnitude, phase angle, and temperature at different frequencies. The study indicates that the frequency point of 10 Hz is suitable for estimating temperature using impedance magnitude information, while the frequency point of 17.5 Hz is suitable for estimating temperature using impedance phase angle information. Within the range of -20 ℃ to 45 ℃, the maximum error in temperature estimation using impedance magnitude is 3.79 ℃, and using impedance phase angle is 2.69 ℃. Validation results demonstrate that the use of impedance spectrum magnitude and phase angle information effectively estimates the true internal temperature of the battery. This study helps to improve the acquisition function of automotive BMS, which can be used to improve the management strategy of battery thermal management and thermal runaway.

Key words: Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Temperature estimation, lithium ion battery, BMS

CLC Number:

TM912

Jing-jing LEI, Ze-hao LI, Bin-bin CHEN, Deng-gao HUANG. Estimation of internal battery temperature based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0134.

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References 8

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序号	名称	型号	功能
1	充放电机	5V 1000A-2CH新威	调整电池初始SOC
2	电池环境仓	东大T-T252*2-C	调节电池内部温度
3	电化学工作站	Solartron 1470E	测试电池电化学阻抗
4	被测电池	120Ah三元锂电池	被测对象
5	外置功率放大器	TOYO PBi 250-10	提升信噪比

	ΔZ（uΩ）	k(uΩ/℃）	Z`（uΩ）	SOC引起的最大温度波动
-20℃~-10℃	502.807	50.280	1420	1.78 ℃
-10℃~0℃	415.953	41.595	1014	2.03 ℃
0℃~10℃	307.810	30.781	708	2.55 ℃
10℃~25℃	220.106	14.673	484	2.94 ℃
25℃~45℃	134.086	6.704	359	3.79 ℃

	Δθ(°)	f(°/℃)	θ`(°)	SOC引起的最大温度波动℃)
-20 ℃~-10℃	7.509176	0.750918	28.27	1.32 ℃
-10 ℃~0 ℃	7.9587	0.79587	20.22	1.73 ℃
0 ℃~10 ℃	9.00992	0.900992	11.14	1.98 ℃
10 ℃~25 ℃	7.250809	0.483387	3.99	2.36 ℃
25 ℃~45 ℃	4.382667	0.219133	0.046	2.69 ℃

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