Abstract:

Lithium-ion batteries are used in various energy storage systems on a large scale because of the advantages of high energy density, low discharge rate, long life, and excellent electrochemical performance. The energy storage magnitude is observed to continually increase. However, in the previous two years, safety accidents have frequently occurred in lithium-ion battery energy storage power stations at home and abroad. This study introduces foreign and domestic safety standards of lithium-ion battery energy storage, including the IEC and UL safety standards, China’s current energy storage national standards, industry standards, and energy storage safety standards set by the alliance, to improve and perfect the safety standards of the current domestic energy storage systems. This study briefly analyzes the characteristics of the energy storage safety standards established at home and abroad. Further, the storage system security requirements, battery or cell safety requirements, effects, and system safety requirements are used to analyze the operational requirements of the lithium-ion battery energy storage system, domestic energy storage safety standards, and foreign standards （IEC and UL） according to the specific tests of the lithium-ion battery energy storage system. Finally, the weaknesses and shortcomings of the current domestic energy storage safety standards are revealed. By comprehensively analyzing, comparing, and discussing the safety standards for lithium-ion batteries in energy storage systems at home and abroad, this study proposes suggestions and implementation strategies to improve the safety standards in domestic energy storage power stations to promote the safe, efficient, and long-lasting operation of future energy storage systems.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, energy storage system, safety standards, contrastive analysis