Research on accelerated aging and safety characteristics of lithium-ion batteries for energy storage

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0260

Abstract

Abstract:

With the continuous acceleration of the global energy transition, power storage has increasingly become a core sector of the energy industry. Lithium-ion batteries, as crucial components of electrochemical energy storage systems, have attracted significant attention from both the market and researchers. In practical applications, battery cycle life and long-term safety are key technical indicators for evaluating energy storage batteries and are closely interrelated. This study focuses on high-capacity lithium iron phosphate batteries and summarizes the testing protocols for high-temperature accelerated aging and the safety characteristics of batteries after cycling. The results show that within the first 200 cycles, the high-temperature accelerated aging effect cannot be strictly described as a fixed multiple of room-temperature cycling aging. However, as the number of cycles increases, the ratio of capacity degradation rates under 45 ℃ and 25 ℃ cycling approaches 2 and gradually stabilizes. These findings provide an important basis for predicting the service life of lithium-ion batteries. Furthermore, it was observed that the thermal runaway triggering temperature decreases as the state of health (SOH) declines. Based on the current results, the ratio of thermal runaway temperature to SOH can be maintained between 130 and 145, offering a theoretical foundation and data support for life prediction, real-time monitoring, and safety warnings in practical applications.

Key words: energy storage battery, cyclic performance, accelerated aging, thermal runaway

CLC Number:

TM 911

Mingxuan LIU, Wentao CHEN, Shaopeng SHEN, Shijie ZHANG, zhen WEI, Biao MA, Danhua LI, Shiqiang LIU, Fang WANG. Research on accelerated aging and safety characteristics of lithium-ion batteries for energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(9): 3530-3537.

Figures/Tables 10

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测试类型	材料体系	形状	额定容量/Ah	额定能量/Wh
循环性能测试	磷酸铁锂	方形	280~345	800~1000
安全性能测试	磷酸铁锂	方形	314	600~700

电池编号	循环前SOH	热失控温度/℃	循环后SOH	热失控温度/℃	触发时间/s
1	100%	98.1	87.74%	115	1215
2	100%	100.1	88.96%	117	953
3	100%	98.3	88.61%	116	1136
4	100%	100.4	90.18%	123	1028
5	100%	103.7	90.24%	125	807
6	100%	103.9	90.25%	125	762
7	100%	121	90.26%	128	808
8	100%	125	91.26%	131	658
9	100%	121	90.58%	131	652
10	100%	124	92.58%	133	703