The effect of liquid-cooled thermal management on thermal runaway of power battery

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0549

Abstract

Abstract:

Lithium-ion power batteries are the primary power source of new energy vehicles. Hundreds of cells are placed together and highly integrated into a confined space to improve the energy density of the battery system of an electric vehicle. When thermal runaway (TR) occurs unexpectedly in a single battery pack, the heat is easily transferred to the surroundings rapidly, resulting in the TR of the entire battery system and causing severe results. Therefore, preventing thermal propagation is vital to ensure battery safety. In this paper, a multichannel liquid cooling system with a serpentine wavy configuration is utilized for cooling a 18650 type lithium-ion battery pack. Furthermore, we explore the effectiveness of cooling measures on TR propagation in the battery pack when the target battery is triggered by heat. The results show that the TR of the target battery rapidly propagates toward the whole battery module without cooling measures. However, a temperature platform appears in the target battery approximately one hour after it is heated, and the target battery with liquid cooling measures does not experience TR in the same thermal abuse situation. Increasing the heating power to accelerate the progress of TR of the target battery prevents the surrounding batteries from being triggered when TR occurs in the target battery. Compared to the case without cooling measures, the cooling water of the management system can timely dissipate the heat generated by the battery reaction, resulting in the prolongation of the time between the exothermic side reaction of the battery material and TR. As a result, this reduces the heat transfer from the triggered battery to the neighbor batteries, thereby avoiding thermal propagation.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, liquid cooling, thermal management system, thermal runaway

CLC Number:

TK 02

Qiaomin KE, Jian GUO, Yiwei WANG, Wenjiong CAO, Man CHEN, Fangming JIANG. The effect of liquid-cooled thermal management on thermal runaway of power battery[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1634-1640.

Figures/Tables 6

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