Performance of large-scale silicon particles coated with multistage carbon as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0437

Abstract

Abstract:

Silicon-carbon composite materials within various carbon structures (SPU and SPU#PANI) were created using liquid phase wrapping and low-temperature pyrolysis, with large-size silicon particles (200—800 nm) from photovoltaic cell production waste as raw materials and water-based polyurethane (PU) and polyaniline (PANI) as carbon sources. The effects of carbon content, microstructure, and elemental doping on the electrochemical characteristics of SPU and SPU#PANI as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries were investigated. A low content of carbon composite in the SPU results in a high initial discharge capacity of up to 2193.6 mAh/g but poor charge and discharge cycle stability. However, the conductivity of SPU#PANI was increased after a secondary carbon composited. Additionally, it obtains a high discharge capacity (1488.8 mAh/g) as a result of the influence of porous carbon microstructure. The SPU#PANI's specific capacity was still over 756.8 mAh/g after 100 cycles, indicating good rate performance. The findings showed that the carbon with porous structure composite on the surface of large-size silicon particles serves not only a buffer for the expansion of the silicon in the process of charge and discharge but also a channel for lithium-ion transmission, significantly enhancing the electrochemical performance and stability of the silicon-based anode. The low-temperature pyrolysis technique used to composite multistage carbon on large-scale silicon particles provides a key reference for the industrialization technology development of silicon-based anode for lithium-ion batteries.

Key words: waterborne polyurethane, polyaniline, multistage carbon composite, anode, lithium ion battery

CLC Number:

O 646

Han ZHENG, Peipei LAI, Xiaohua TIAN, Zhuo SUN, Zhejuan ZHANG. Performance of large-scale silicon particles coated with multistage carbon as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(1): 23-34.

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样品名	循环首次			循环100次
样品名	充电/(mAh/g)	放电/(mAh/g)	效率/%	充电/(mAh/g)	放电/(mAh/g)	效率/%	容量保持率/%
SPU-4	1454.8	1885.7	77.15	609.2	614	99.23	38.82
SPU-8	1839.2	2193.6	83.84	615.7	620	99.31	30.74
SPU-24	608	772.2	78.73	564.8	570.3	99.04	80.14
SPU#PANI-1	939.7	1291.4	77.26	702.8	738.7	99.3	59.09
SPU#PANI-2	1011.3	1177.8	85.87	669.8	675.8	99.11	61.55
SPU#PANI-3	1011.8	1162.6	87.03	747.7	756.3	98.87	64.32

电极	R_S/Ω	R_ct/Ω
SPU-8	2.177	1056
SPU#PANI-1	4.337	1216
SPU#PANI-2	3.467	968.4
SPU#PANI-3	2.429	678.5

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