Research on the impact and mechanism of the lithium replenishment degree of anode prelithiation on the performance of lithium-ion batteries

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0337

Abstract

Abstract:

In this work, a pouch-type lithium-ion battery was fabricated using LiFePO₄ as the cathode. Moreover, Li/graphite obtained by calendering a lithium metal sheet onto the graphite surface was used as the anode material. Four pouch lithium-ion battery kinds were designed with different thicknesses of lithium metal sheet. The influences of different thicknesses of calendered lithium on cell capacity, first-cycle coulomb efficiency, rate discharge, high- and low-temperature discharge, storage, and cyclic life were investigated. The experimental results showed that compared with lithium metal sheets with 2.5 and 7.0 μm thicknesses, the graphite anodes lithiated with 4.0 and 5.0 μm lithium sheets showed better capacity and cyclic performance, and the capacity retention rate was greater than 100% after 600 cycles. Among them, the lithium sheet thickness of 2.5 μm was too thin, leading to a low coulombic efficiency; the lithium sheet thickness of 7.0 μm was too thick, and the anode had obvious lithium precipitation, and the capacity faded too quickly. Based on this work, the degree of lithium replenishment of anode prelithiation (DLRP) and its theoretical calculation method are proposed to evaluate the optimal prelithiation range of calendering pre-lithiation method. This study will help promote the application of prelithiated graphite anodes and provide an experimental basis for developing high-specific energy lithium-ion batteries.

Key words: lithium-ion batteries, anode prelithiation, cathode prelithiation, the degree of lithium replenishment of anode prelithiation (DLRP), cycle performance

CLC Number:

TM 912.9

Xiaowei HUANG, Shaopeng LI, Xiaogang ZHANG. Research on the impact and mechanism of the lithium replenishment degree of anode prelithiation on the performance of lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(9): 2727-2734.

Figures/Tables 11

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References 7

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金属锂厚度/μm	石墨表面锂金属面质量/(mg/cm²)	锂化裕度/(mAh/cm²)	锂利用率/%
2.5	0.096	0.07	20
4.0	0.14	0.16	30
5.0	0.17	0.23	36
7.0	0.27	0.55	53

类别	A-Ref	B-0.07 mAh/cm²	C-0.16 mAh/cm²	D-0.23 mAh/cm²	E-0.55 mAh/cm²
首周库仑效率	87.3%	91.6%	94.6%	94.8%	95.3%
放电容量/Ah	3.41	3.56	3.64	3.65	3.67
内阻/mΩ	4.23	4.17	4.15	4.16	4.41

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