Simulation study on explosion and relief of parallel prefabricated cabin exchange power station

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0515

Abstract

Abstract:

With changes in energy structure, comprehensive energy stations that integrate oil, gas, hydrogen, and electricity have become the developmental trend of future energy refueling stations. As the electrical energy module of a comprehensive energy station, the prefabricated modular heat exchange station carries explosion accident risks caused by thermal runaway of the battery, leading to secondary accidents. This article establishes a 1∶1 three-dimensional simulation model based on an already operational parallel prefabricated module power station. The gas released by the thermal runaway battery in the power station was used as the explosion source. The shock wave propagation process in a combustion and explosion accident in a parallel prefabricated module power station was studied via CFD simulation, and the maximum impact range of the accident under the existing structure was determined. The influence of the setting method of explosion relief device on the explosion relief effect was explored. The research results are summarized as follows. ① The maximum explosion overpressure and impact range generated after a combustion and explosion accident in the exchange station cabin could be obtained through simulation, which had a relatively small impact on the adjacent exchange cabin of the parallel exchange station. ② By setting up an explosion relief device, the maximum explosion pressure and overpressure of the shock wave in the power exchange compartment could be significantly reduced, effectively reducing the consequences of combustion and explosion accidents. ③ The venting effect was approximately linearly related to the opening pressure of the venting device, and the smaller the opening pressure, the more obvious the venting effect. The relative distance between the venting device and ignition source influences the venting effect. The closer the venting device was to the ignition source, the better the venting effect. The venting effect was influenced by the position of the venting device, and the venting rate ranges from high to low at the rear, side, and top. This supports the safe operation of comprehensive energy stations and prevents domino accidents.

Key words: rexchange power station, lithium batteries, explosion venting, CFD

CLC Number:

X 932

Guanlin PENG, Xiaodong LING, Yujie LIN, Hui JIANG. Simulation study on explosion and relief of parallel prefabricated cabin exchange power station[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(11): 3387-3394.

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建筑名称	尺寸(长×宽×高)	起始坐标
燃爆换电舱	11.55 m×3.55 m×3.2 m	(0，0，0)
邻侧换电舱	11.55 m×3.55 m×3.2 m	(6.55，0，0)
换电站控制室	3.2 m×3.55 m×3.2 m	(6.55，-3.55，0)
燃爆换电舱排气扇	0.5 m×0.5 m×0.5 m	(0，1，2.2)
邻侧换电舱排气扇	0.5 m×0.5 m×0.5 m	(10.1，1，2)
燃爆换电舱百叶窗	0.5 m×3.2 m×0.5 m	(0.2，11.55，2.5)
邻侧换电舱百叶窗	26 m×22 m×14 m	(6.7，11.55，2.5)

网格尺寸/m	网格数量	最大超压值/kPa	误差
0.25	5760000	357	—
0.5	720000	339	0.05
0.75	214400	314	0.12
1	90000	282	0.21

网格区域	区域范围						网格尺寸/m
	X		Y		Z		网格尺寸/m
	min	max	min	max	min	max	X	Y	Z
核心区域	0	4	0	12	0	4	0.25	0.25	0.25
计算域	-30	70	-30	30	0	15	拉伸系数1.2

参数	数值
环境温度/℃	20
初始风速/(m/s)	0
初始压力/kPa	101.325
边界条件	EULER

气体名称	体积分数
一氧化碳	55.4%
氢气	33.3%
乙烯	7.9%
甲烷	3.4%