储能科学与技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (8): 2550-2558.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0147

• 储能材料与器件 • 上一篇    下一篇

高能量长续航无人机电池的开发及制备

巩文豪1(), 李蒙1, 张涛1, 张若涛1, 刘艳侠1,2()   

  1. 1.郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院，河南省储能材料与过程重点实验室，河南 郑州 450003
    2.中国科学院过程工程研究所，离子液体清洁过程北京重点实验室，北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-23 修回日期:2024-03-25 出版日期:2024-08-28 发布日期:2024-08-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘艳侠 E-mail:whgong@ipe.ac.cn;yxliu@ipe.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:巩文豪（1992—），男，硕士，工程师，研究方向为电池材料及锂电池，E-mail：whgong@ipe.ac.cn；
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20122);河南省科技攻关项目(232102241005)

Development and fabrication of high-energy and long-endurance Li-ion batteries for UAVs

Wenhao GONG1(), Meng LI1, Tao ZHANG1, Ruotao ZHANG1, Yanxia LIU1,2()   

  1. 1.Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Henan Key Laboratory of Energy Storage Materials and Processes, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
    2.Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2024-02-23 Revised:2024-03-25 Online:2024-08-28 Published:2024-08-15
  • Contact: Yanxia LIU E-mail:whgong@ipe.ac.cn;yxliu@ipe.ac.cn

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摘要：

以高镍三元单晶和多晶颗粒为正极材料，制备出了3种体系的正极极片。负极材料采用高首效和低膨胀的硅氧颗粒，并制备成负极极片。通过软包电池叠片和注液工艺，制备成单体电芯。采用3种不同的化成工艺对单体电池进行激活，经过高温加压和阶梯式充电电流方式化成的电池，循环500周后容量保持率高达95.3%。最终制备的单体电池在常温2 C放电条件下表现出优异的电化学性能，放电容量为23 Ah，能量密度达到269 Wh/kg。在常温1 C/2 C循环1000次后，电池容量保持率达到88.3%。单体电池在高温柜放置7天后，电池的容量保持率达到95.7%，容量恢复率为97.4%。该电池还具有优异的放电倍率性能，以1 C放电容量为基准值，10 C的放电容量比达到了83.3%。按照国家标准，电池还顺利通过了严格的加热和外短路安全要求测试。此外，通过选用一致性更高的6块单体电池以串联的方式进行组装，成功制备出了无人机电池组。该电池组尺寸为81 mm×183 mm×71 mm，重量为1902 g，2 C放电能量密度为240 Wh/kg，可满足不同倍率下放电，使之能够在多种复杂工作条件下为无人机提供可靠的动力支持。

关键词: 无人机, 锂离子电池, 高能量, 电池组

Abstract:

In this study, three systems of cathode electrodes were prepared using high-nickel, ternary-single-crystal and polycrystalline particles. The negative electrode employed high-first-efficiency and low-expansion silicon-oxide particles. Individual cells were fabricated through the stacking and injection of pouch-cell components. Three distinct formation processes were used to activate individual cells: high-temperature exposure, pressurization, and stepwise current formation. The fabricated cells demonstrated an impressive capacity retention rate of 95.3% after 500 cycles. The individual cells demonstrated excellent electrochemical performance with a discharge capacity of 23 Ah and an energy density of 269 Wh/kg at 2 C. Following 1000 cycles at 1 C and 2 C, the capacity retention rate reached 88.3%. After storage in a high-temperature chamber for 7 days, the cells exhibited a capacity retention rate of 95.7% with a capacity recovery rate of 97.4%. The fabricated batteries also exhibited outstanding rate capabilities, with a discharge capacity ratio of 83.3% at 10 C using a 1 C discharge capacity as the reference. According to national standards, the cell also successfully passed rigorous heating and external short-circuit safety requirement evaluations. Furthermore, by selecting six individual cells with high consistency and assembling them in series, a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) battery pack was successfully developed. The dimensions of the battery pack were 81 mm×183 mm×71 mm, weighing 1902 g with an energy density of 240 Wh/kg at 2 C. This design ensures reliable power supply for UAVs under various working conditions.

Key words: unmanned aerial vehicle, Li-ion battery, high energy density, battery pack

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