扰流结构对电池热管理系统的传热特性研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0581

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决锂离子电池充放电设备内电池组热管理系统的热特性需求，通过构建多通道电池组热管理系统扰流结构物理模型，结合单体电池实测参数进行热模型验证。基于有限体积法进行数值仿真研究，对无扰流及不同扰流结构分别进行数值模拟计算，采用努塞尔数和范宁摩擦系数分别表征电池组系统传热与流动特性，分析了扰流结构角度、扰流结构长度及扰流结构排列方式对电池组热管理系统传热与流动特性的影响。结果表明：扰流结构能够提升流场的湍流强度，提高电池表面的对流换热效率，增加系统的压差；增加扰流结构角度，电池组最高温度及最大温差先增大后减小，而增加扰流结构长度，电池组最高温度及最大温差则先减小后增大，当扰流结构角度为45°、扰流结构长度为15 mm时，系统的热特性表现最佳；当扰流结构角度与长度固定时，不同扰流结构排列方式对系统热特性影响较小，但均明显优于无扰流状态。以上研究成果为锂离子电池充放电设备中多通道电池组的热管理系统设计提供参考和依据。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 热管理系统, 扰流结构, 传热, 风冷

Abstract:

To address the complex thermal challenges in lithium-ion battery thermal management systems during charging and discharging, a physical model of a multi-channel battery pack thermal management system with a spoiler structure was developed and validated using measured parameters of a single battery. Numerical simulations based on the finite volume method were performed for both non-spoiler and various spoiler configurations. The Nusselt number and Fanning friction coefficient were used to characterize the heat transfer and flow characteristics of the battery pack system. The impact of different spoiler parameters, including angle, length, and arrangement, on the heat transfer and flow characteristics of the battery pack were analyzed through numerical simulations. The results indicate that the spoiler structure enhances turbulence intensity, improves convective heat transfer efficiency on the battery cell surface, and increases the system's pressure difference. As the spoiler angle increases, the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery pack initially increase and then decrease. Conversely, increasing the spoiler length causes the maximum temperature and temperature difference to first decrease and then increase. Optimal thermal performance is achieved with a spoiler angle of 45° and a length of 15 mm. When the spoiler length and angle are fixed, the arrangement of the spoiler structures has a minor effect on the thermal characteristics but still performs better than the non-spoiler configuration. These findings provide valuable insights and a robust foundation for designing and optimizing thermal management systems for multi-channel battery packs in lithium-ion battery charging and discharging equipment.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, thermal management system, spoiler structure, heat transfer, air cooling

中图分类号:

TM 911

钱亨, 刘剑, 霍玉雷. 扰流结构对电池热管理系统的传热特性研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(11): 3889-3897.

Heng QIAN, Jian LIU, Yulei HUO. Heat transfer characteristics of lithium-ion battery thermal management system with spoiler structure[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(11): 3889-3897.

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充放电倍率	能量/Wh	损耗/Wh	流程时间/h	平均功率/W
0.5C充电	117.559	4.259	2.38	0.95
0.5C放电	113.300	4.259	2.08	0.95
1.0C充电	118.006	5.319	1.49	2.10
1.0C放电	112.687	5.319	1.04	2.10
1.5C充电	118.431	8.464	1.28	4.32
1.5C放电	109.967	8.464	0.68	4.32

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