百MWh级竖井式重力储能系统重物块储存与运输方案

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0196

储能科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (10): 3839-3847.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0196

百MWh级竖井式重力储能系统重物块储存与运输方案

曾小超¹(), 姜健宁¹, 李建文²(), 管春宝²

^1.中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院有限公司，北京 100120
^2.新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学)，河北保定 071003

收稿日期:2025-02-27 修回日期:2025-04-25 出版日期:2025-10-28 发布日期:2025-10-20
通讯作者: 李建文 E-mail:m1838137106@163.com;ljw_ncepu@163.com
作者简介:曾小超（1970—），男，本科，正高级工程师，从事重力储能应用技术，E-mail：m1838137106@163.com；
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2024MS111);中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院有限公司揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS2023-03)

Storage and transportation schemes for a one-hundred-megawatt-hour-class shaft-type gravity energy storage system

Xiaochao ZENG¹(), Jianning JIANG¹, Jianwen LI²(), Chunbao GUAN²

^1.North China Power Engineering Co. , Ltd. of China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Beijing 100120, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of New Energy Power System (North China Electric Power University), Baoding 071003, Hebei, China

Received:2025-02-27 Revised:2025-04-25 Online:2025-10-28 Published:2025-10-20
Contact: Jianwen LI E-mail:m1838137106@163.com;ljw_ncepu@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大容量竖井式重力储能系统是实现长时储能的有效手段，在考虑利用电机暂态支撑特性需直接并网的应用背景下，重物块分级是竖井式重力储能系统灵活调节功率的可行方法。但MW级百吨重物块储能系统功率间歇性大，百MWh容量的重力储能系统重物块数量多，重物块如何分级、如何储存与运输是其系统运行亟须解决的关键性问题。本研究针对上述问题，提出了考虑重物块分级储存与最优路径运输的方案：首先，根据电池组可调最高功率及储能限额将重物块质量分为四个等级，由典型日光照时长确定各级总块数，以空间最大化设计了其储存区域，在此基础上，考虑重物块运输时间、块数的约束条件，利用迪杰斯特拉(Dijkstra)算法对重物块的运输路径进行了规划，以实现运输路径最短；然后，对重物块总储存区进行分区并采用四辆自动导引车(automated guided vehicle，AGV)协同运输，推导了AGV所需的最小加速度，以确保运输过程的效率；最后，通过典型日净负荷功率波动平抑算例，验证了百兆瓦时重力储能系统重物储存及运输的有效性。

关键词: 重力储能, 质量分级, 存储分区, 路径规划

Abstract:

Large-capacity shaft-type gravity energy storage (GES) systems are effective tools for long-term energy storage. For applications requiring direct grid connection owing to the transient support characteristics of motors, graded heavy blocks are feasible tools for achieving flexible power regulation in shaft-type GES systems. However, megawatt (MW)-level hundred-ton heavy-block energy storage systems exhibit significant power intermittency, and MWh-capacity GES systems require numerous heavy blocks. Thus, the grading of these heavy blocks, as well as their storage and transportation, becomes critical issues in system operation. To address these challenges, this study proposes a solution that considers the graded storage and optimal path transportation of heavy blocks. First,a weight limit is used to divides the mass of the heavy blocks into four grades based on the adjustable maximum power of battery packs and energy storage, with the total number of blocks per grade being determined by the typical daily sunlight duration. Second, the storage area is designed to maximize space utilization. Based on thislayout, and considering the transportation time and constraints on the number of blocks, the Dijkstra algorithm is used to design the shortest possible routes for transporting the heavy blocks. Thereafter, the total storage area for the heavy blocks is divided into sections, after which four automated guided vehicles (AGVs) are employed for coordinated transportation. The minimum acceleration requirements for these AGVs are then derived to ensure efficient operation. Finally, the effectiveness of large-scale storage and transportation of a 100 MWh GES system is verified using typical daily net load power-fluctuation smoothing.

Key words: gravity energy storage, mass grading, storage partition, path planning

中图分类号:

TM 921.2

曾小超, 姜健宁, 李建文, 管春宝. 百MWh级竖井式重力储能系统重物块储存与运输方案[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(10): 3839-3847.

Xiaochao ZENG, Jianning JIANG, Jianwen LI, Chunbao GUAN. Storage and transportation schemes for a one-hundred-megawatt-hour-class shaft-type gravity energy storage system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(10): 3839-3847.

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重物块质量m/t	边长L/m	转矩T/Nm	额定速度下输出功率P/MW
104	3.42	3000000	16
70	3.04	2010000	10.77
35	2.41	990000	5.39
17.5	1.91	510000	2.69

重物块质量m/t	块数/块	单个储存方格边长L/m
104	374	4
70	64	3.5
35	64	3
17.5	64	2.5

项目	转矩	机侧电流/A		网侧电流/A		输入功率/MW	输出功率/MW
项目	转矩	基波有效值	THD	基波有效值	THD	输入功率/MW	输出功率/MW
发电	3000000	2874	0.53	3536	2.29	15.78	15.35
	3000000*0.67	1926	0.87	2405	1.54	10.52	10.33
	3000000*0.33	950	1.17	1190	1.53	5.2	5.15
	3000000*0.17	490	2.20	621	1.53	2.67	2.65

储能	3000000	2873	0.60	3725	2.37	16.26	15.68
	3000000*0.67	1923	0.76	2472	1.61	10.73	10.51
	3000000*0.33	946	1.5	1203	1.86	5.27	5.15
	3000000*0.17	486	2.26	617	1.48	2.68	2.67

百MWh级竖井式重力储能系统重物块储存与运输方案

Storage and transportation schemes for a one-hundred-megawatt-hour-class shaft-type gravity energy storage system

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