储能科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (9): 2798-2810.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0338

• 创刊十周年专刊 • 上一篇    下一篇

废旧电池电解液回收及高值化利用研发进展

张群斌1(), 董陶2, 李晶晶1, 刘艳侠1,2, 张海涛1,2()   

  1. 1.郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院,河南 郑州 450000
    2.中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-20 修回日期:2022-06-30 出版日期:2022-09-05 发布日期:2022-08-30
  • 通讯作者: 张海涛 E-mail:qbzhang@ipezz.ac.cn;htzhang@ipe.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:张群斌(1992—),男,硕士,工程师,研究方向为电池回收,E-mail:qbzhang@ipezz.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    郑州市重大科技专项(2019CXZX0074);河南省创新示范专项(201111311400);中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW_CN_2020-1)

Research progress on the recovery and high-value utilization of spent electrolyte from lithium-ion batteries

Qunbin ZHANG1(), Tao DONG2, Jingjing LI1, Yanxia LIU1,2, Haitao ZHANG1,2()   

  1. 1.Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
    2.Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2022-06-20 Revised:2022-06-30 Online:2022-09-05 Published:2022-08-30
  • Contact: Haitao ZHANG E-mail:qbzhang@ipezz.ac.cn;htzhang@ipe.ac.cn

摘要:

随着技术进步和规模生产效应的呈现,锂离子电池成本快速下降,促使其在诸多领域获得广泛的应用。锂离子电池富含能源金属和战略元素,其使用寿命一般为6~8年,如不对退役后的锂电池进行妥善回收处理,将造成巨大资源浪费和严重环境污染。科研人员已对富含有价金属元素的正极材料的回收开展了相对较多的研究。作为电池四大关键材料之一,电解液富含碳酸酯溶剂和六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6),如能将其回收并转化为高值产品将具有重大环保意义及经济效益。本文归纳了已报道的电解液回收技术和工艺,以便有效推动该领域的健康发展,并对其面临的挑战及未来发展趋势进行分析和展望。

关键词: 废旧锂离子电池, 电解液, 有机溶剂, 六氟磷酸锂, 循环再生

Abstract:

Lithium-ion batteries are being extensively used in numerous fields in terms of rapid reduction in production cost, which is primarily due to the technology development and effect of large-scale production. Several spent lithium-ion batteries will be generated, as their service life usually ranges from 6 to 8 years. The spent lithium-ion batteries, which generally contain rich energy metals and strategic elements, should be treated properly to avoid the waste of valuable energy element resources and environmental pollution. The recovery of cathodes that contain rich valuable metal elements has been intensively investigated and well-reviewed. As one of the four major materials of battery, electrolyte contains carbonate solvents and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) salt. It will be of both environmental protection and economic effectiveness once the spent electrolyte could be recovered and transformed into high-value products. This study will review the developed electrolyte recovery technologies and processes to efficiently improve the healthy development of the lithium-ion battery technique. Furthermore, its challenges and future development trends will also be summarized and prospected.

Key words: spent lithium-ion batteries, electrolyte, organic solvent, lithium hexafluorophosphate, recycling

中图分类号: