金属蜂窝/石蜡复合相变材料融化储热性能研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0652

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对金属蜂窝/石蜡复合相变材料融化储热过程中，金属蜂窝热传导与液相自然对流传热的竞争关系，基于流-固-热三场耦合理论，建立相变材料融化储热计算模型。开展相变石蜡融化试验，验证计算模型的正确性。进一步分析液相自然对流和金属蜂窝热传导传热的增强效应，以及两者间的竞争关系。结果表明：底部加热下的密闭方腔内相变石蜡融化储热过程可分为热传导、稳定增长、过渡和紊流等四个阶段；各阶段占总融化储热时间的比例分别为0.8%、2.3%、13.6%和83.3%。热量随着液相石蜡的自然流动实现无障碍传输，达到提升相变石蜡融化储热效率的目的。自然对流传热的增强效应随尺寸减小而显著降低，在尺寸小于2 mm后可忽略不计。金属蜂窝通过增大热传导性和传热面积，达到提升相变石蜡融化储热效率的目的。嵌入金属蜂窝后，相变材料储热过程中存在多层共融现象，且在融化区形成温度梯度。与纯石蜡储热效率相比，金属蜂窝作用呈现先增强后抑制的规律，当融化分数超出临界值0.77后，金属蜂窝将进入抑制阶段。

关键词: 蜂窝金属, 相变材料, 热传导, 自然对流, 竞争关系

Abstract:

To elucidate the competitive correlation between metal honeycomb heat conduction and natural convection heat transfer in the liquid phase during the melting heat storage process of metal honeycomb/paraffin composite phase change material (PCM), a computational model based on the fluid-solid-thermal coupling theory was established. The phase change paraffin melting test was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed computational model. Furthermore, the enhancement effect of metal honeycomb heat conduction and natural convection heat transfer in the liquid phase were analyzed, along with their competitive correlation. The results show that the heat storage process of phase change paraffin melting in a square cavity under bottom heating can be divided into four stages: heat conduction, steady growth, transition, and turbulence. The proportions of each stage in the total melting time are 0.8%, 2.3%, 13.6%, and 83.3%, respectively. Barrier-free heat transfer is realized with the natural flow of liquid paraffin, improving the thermal storage efficiency of phase change paraffin. The enhancement effect of natural convection heat transfer is considerably weakened with the decrease in size and becomes negligible when the size is less than 2 mm. Increasing the thermal conductivity and heat transfer area of the metal honeycomb can improve the thermal storage efficiency of phase change paraffin. After embedding the metal honeycomb, a multilayer melting phenomenon occurs in the PCM heat storage process, creating a temperature gradient in the melting zone. Compared with the heat storage efficiency of pure paraffin, the effect of the metal honeycomb is first enhanced and then inhibited. When the melting fraction exceeds the critical value 0.77, the metal honeycomb enters the inhibition stage.

Key words: honeycomb metal, phase change materials, high heat conduction, natural convection, competitive relationship

中图分类号:

TK 124

倪鹏, 曹世豪. 金属蜂窝/石蜡复合相变材料融化储热性能研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(2): 425-435.

Peng NI, Shihao CAO. Melting heat storage properties of metal honeycomb/paraffin composite phase change materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(2): 425-435.

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材料	名称	参数	单位	数值
铝蜂窝	密度	ρ	kg·m^-3	2675
	比热容	C	J·kg^-1·K^-1	903
	导热系数	k	W·m^-1·K^-1	211
相变石蜡	密度	ρ	kg·m^-3	880
	比热容	C	J·kg^-1·K^-1	3220
	导热系数	k	W·m^-1·K^-1	0.2
	动力黏度	µ	Pa·s	0.00579
	融化温度	T_m	K	300
	融化区间	ΔT	K	1
	相变潜热	L_m	J·kg^-1	210500
	热膨胀系数	α	K^-1	0.001

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