Research status and outlooks of liquid air energy storage technology

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0307

Abstract

Abstract:

Liquid air energy storage (LAES) technology has garnered considerable attention because of its unique advantages in enhancing grid stability. At present, the successful commissioning of several demonstration projects has validated the feasibility and broad application prospects of LAES technology. This study first introduces the basic principles and operating mechanisms of LAES. Then, it reviews the latest research advancements in this technology across various applications, including independent, coupled, and multi-output systems. Notably, the coupling of LAES technology with other energy systems, such as liquefied natural gas regasification and industrial waste heat usage, demonstrates substantial multi-energy conversion advantages, achieving efficient electricity, cooling, and heating integration. In the future, LAES technology is expected to continue evolving toward improved system cycle efficiency, optimized energy density, and reduced costs. Further, the integration of LAES with other energy systems through multi-energy coupling modes will promote large-scale power system applications. LAES is anticipated to play a crucial role in peak shaving, frequency modulation, and smoothing renewable energy outputs, thereby serving as a key technology supporting the transition to a low-carbon energy system.

Key words: liquid air, energy storage technology, energy density, multi-energy coupling, low-carbon energy

CLC Number:

TK 02

Yuanzhi GAO, Ge YIN, Xueli SUN, Zhenming ZHANG, Yu SU, Feng HUANG, Xiaoya FENG, Tengfei HE, Chen WANG, Xiaosong ZHANG. Research status and outlooks of liquid air energy storage technology[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(10): 3900-3916.

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