Research on thermal economic performance of HP-ORC pumped thermal energy storage system coupled with low-temperature waste heat

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1102

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the low utilization rate of waste heat from low-temperature flue gas in the steel industry, this study proposed a coupling system combining a heat pump and an organic Rankine cycle (HP-ORC) for low-temperature waste heat recovery. Thermal and economic models of the proposed HP-ORC system were established. R601a was selected as the circulating working medium for the heat pump (HP), while R1233zd(E), R600a, R1336mzz(Z), and R1224yd(Z) were selected as working mediums for the ORC. The study investigated how HP condensation temperature, heat storage temperature, and ORC evaporation temperature affect the thermal and economic performance of the HP-ORC system under various ORC working mediums. Results showed that decreasing the HP condensation temperature and increasing both heat storage temperature and ORC evaporation temperature improved the power-to-power efficiency (η_P2P) and exergy efficiency (η_ex) of the system. However, the total heat transfer capacity per unit temperature (Q_UA) of the HP-ORC system first decreased and then increased as the HP condensation and heat storage temperatures rose. Furthermore, the Q_UA of HP-ORC system increased nonlinearly with higher ORC evaporation temperatures. Using R1233zd(E) as an example, the study found that when the HP condensation temperature increased by 2 ℃, η_P2P and η_ex of decreased by an average of 1.54% and 0.58%, respectively. Conversely, when the HP condensation temperature rose by 2 ℃, η_P2P and η_ex increased by an average of 0.4% and 0.15%, respectively. When the ORC evaporation temperature rose 2 ℃, η_P2P and η_ex increased by an average of 0.93% and 0.64%, respectively. For the fixed the thermal parameters of HP-ORC system, the working medium with R1233zd(E) exhibited the largest η_P2P and η_ex in the ORC subsystem. However, its economic performance was relatively poor, demonstrating that the working medium with the best thermal performance may not necessarily offer optimal economic performance. During actual operation, selecting appropriate thermal parameters and a suitable working medium enables the HP-ORC system to achieve higher η_P2P and η_ex and smaller Q_UA.

Key words: waste heat recovery, heat pump, organic Rankine cycle, thermal performance, economic performance

CLC Number:

TK 115

Junsheng FENG, Yaru YAN, Lu WANG, Liang ZHAO, Hui DONG. Research on thermal economic performance of HP-ORC pumped thermal energy storage system coupled with low-temperature waste heat[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(5): 2130-2140.

Figures/Tables 12

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有机工质	R601a	R1233zd(E)	R600a	R1336mzz(Z)	R1224yd(Z)
工质类型	干	干	干	干	干
摩尔质量/(g/mol)	72.15	130.5	58.12	164.06	148.49
沸点/℃	27.83	18.3	-11.74	33.4	14.62
临界温度/℃	187.2	166.5	134.7	171.3	155.54
临界压力/MPa	3.378	3.62	3.64	2.9	3.337
ODP	0	0	0	0	0
GWP	7	1	20	2	<1

性能指标	文献[18]	模拟值	相对误差
COP	3.25	3.31	1.85%
η_ORC	7.32	7.35	0.41%
η_p2p	23.79	24.33	2.27%
η_ex	18.62	19.21	3.17%

参数名称	数值	单位
热源进口温度	125	℃
热源出口温度	70	℃
HP冷凝器节点温差	25	℃
热源流体质量流量	100	kg/s
HP冷凝温度	130~150	℃
储热温度	120~140	℃
ORC蒸发温度	72~92	℃
ORC冷凝温度	30	℃
压缩机的等熵效率	85	%
膨胀机的等熵效率	85	%
工质泵的等熵效率	85	%
大气压力	101.3	kPa
环境温度T₀	20	℃

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