Fig. 1

XRD patterns of the lithium acrylic-decorated nature graphite power at different lithium acrylic contents"

Fig. 2

XPS full spectra of surface elements before and after lithium acrylic coating of natural graphite and the trend of O1s/C1s elemental ratio: (a)-(e) XPS full spectra of natural graphite before and after coating; (f) trend of O1s/C1s"

Table 1

Atomic percentages of elements on the surface of natural graphite covered by lithium acrylic with different mass fractions"

Fig. 3

XPS spectra of C1s of; (a) Nature graphite; (b) NG@LP3%; (c) NG@LP5%; (d) NG@LP10%; (e) NG@LP15%"

Fig. 4

(a) First lap cyclic voltammograms at a scan rate of 0.1 mV/s; (b) Local enlargement"

Fig. 5

The first charge-discharge profiles"

Table 2

First electrochemical performance of natural graphite electrodes with different contents of lithium acrylic"

Fig. 6

Rate capability of the nature graphite electrodes coated with different contents of lithium acrylic"

Fig. 7

Long-term cycling behavior of the nature graphite electrodes coated with different contents of lithium acrylic at 500 mA/g current density"

Fig. 8

The Nyquist plots of nature graphite electrodes coated with different contents of lithium acrylic,(a) Before cycling; (b) 500 cycles at 500 mA/g current density"

Table 3

EIS impedance fitting data of nature graphite electrodes coated with different concents of lithium acrylic before and after cycling"

Fig. 9

SEM images of the surfaces of the graphite coated with different lithium acrylic electrodes at different stage. (a)-(e) Nature graphite, NG@LP3%, NG@LP5%, NG@LP10%, NG@LP15% electrode before cycle; (f)-(j) Nature graphite, NG@LP3%, NG@LP5%, NG@LP10%, NG@LP15% electrode after cycle"