Numerical analysis of temperature rise characteristics of lithium battery based on dual-channel parallel series liquid cooling plate

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0866

Abstract

Abstract:

Among the various cooling methods for lithium battery energy storage systems, liquid-cooled cooling systems have significant advantages. However, the performance of liquid-cooled cooling systems are significantly influenced by the type and structure of liquid-cooled plates. To address the thermal safety problem of lithium-ion batteries, a 280 Ah lithium-ion battery was numerically analyzed using ANSYS FLUENT. In addition, a three-dimensional transient heat generation model was constructed based on Bernardi's heat generation rate, fluid momentum conservation equations, and energy conservation equation to simulate the change in temperature field of lithium battery pack at high rate of operation, and to evaluate the cooling effect of three connection methods of dual-channel parallel series liquid cooling plate scheme. The effects of coolant flow rate, initial temperature of coolant and channel height of the liquid cooling plate on the cooling effect of the lithium battery pack were analyzed. The optimal cooling scheme of the liquid cooling plate was thus obtained. The results demonstrated that among the three connection schemes examined, the third scheme demonstrated the best heat dissipation performance, ensuring a uniform temperature distribution across the battery pack. Based on the third connection scheme, as the coolant flow rate increased, the maximum temperature of the lithium battery pack changed from a rapid decline in the initial stage to a slow decline. Lowering the inlet temperature of the coolant significantly decreased the maximum temperature of the lithium battery pack. By analyzing and comparing coolant channels with different heights, an appropriate increase in the channel height can effectively improve the heat dissipation performance of the liquid cooling system. Based on this study, the best cooling scheme can be achieved by increasing the coolant flow rate, reducing the coolant inlet temperature, and increasing the flow channel height of the liquid cooling plate structure.

Key words: lithium battery, liquid cooling plate, liquid cooling system, liquid-cooled structure, heat dispersion

CLC Number:

TM 911

Shunxin LIU, Lingping XU, Jianxing ZHANG, Guang ZENG, Haoyang LI. Numerical analysis of temperature rise characteristics of lithium battery based on dual-channel parallel series liquid cooling plate[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(4): 1496-1506.

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参数名称	数值
标准容量/Ah	280
额定电压/V	3.2
内阻/mΩ	0.16
电池重量/kg	5.36
长宽高/mm	17472207

材料	密度/(kg/m³)	比热容/[J/(kg·K)]	导热系数/[W/(m·K)]
电芯	2118	1150	21.6/21.6/2.1
导热垫	2750	1500	2
铝	2719	871	202.4
铜	8920	386	377
50%乙二醇水溶液	1071	3300	0.384

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