Synergistic dual-additive boost cyclability of sodium-ion batteries

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1143

Abstract

Abstract:

Electrolytes not only affect ion transfer processes but also participate in the formation of electrode-electrolyte interphases, which play an important role in the stability of battery cycling. Electrolyte additives play a crucial role in constructing electrode-electrolyte interphases; however, compared with lithium-ion batteries, numerous challenges remain in the research of sodium-ion battery electrolytes and their additives. In this study, fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and 1,3-propylene sultone (PS) were investigated as electrolyte additives for sodium-ion batteries. The effects of electrolytes with different additives on battery performance were analyzed. The results demonstrated that using an optimized FEC+PS dual-additive electrolyte formulation, the pouch cell maintained 85.1% capacity retention after 600 cycles at 1 C, and its cycle performance was significantly better than that of batteries without any additive or with FEC additive alone. This formulation significantly enhanced the lifespan of NaNi_1/3Fe_1/3Mn_1/3O₂(NFM) || Hard carbon (HC) cells. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses revealed that CEI/SEI containing sodium alkyl sulfonate (ROSO₂Na) and sodium fluoride (NaF) derived from FEC-PS dual-additive exhibited high mechanical stability and flexibility. These properties significantly enhance the interface stability of the electrode-electrolyte, efficiently suppressing the dissolution of NFM-positive transition metals and HC-negative Na dendrites during the cycle and alleviating the gas production of the pouch cell. Based on the pouch cell, the components of the electrode-electrolyte interphase were optimized by adjusting the additive composition. This approach enhanced both the stability of the battery interphase and its cycling performance, thereby providing theoretical and technical support for the advancement of high-performance sodium-ion battery electrolytes.

Key words: sodium-ion battery, pouch cell, electrolyte additive, electrode-electrolyte interphase

CLC Number:

TM 912

Deshuai LIU, Huiqin ZHU, Ruihao SUN, Meng LI, Wenhao GONG, Xiaohui LI, Weiwei QIAN. Synergistic dual-additive boost cyclability of sodium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(5): 1858-1865.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 13

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电解液	循环前/mΩ		循环后/mΩ
电解液	R_sei	R_ct	R_sei	R_ct
Blank	10.8	31.7	38.8	194.9
2%FEC	9.0	14.0	26.4	94.3
2%FEC+1%PS	7.6	12.7	18.6	81.8

电解液	总体积/mL	V(CO₂)/mL	V(CO)/mL	V(CH₄)/mL
Blank	30	25.57	0.19	4.13
2%FEC	28	24.01	0.05	3.84
2%FEC+1%PS	20	18.82	0.01	1.06

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