水合盐热化学储热材料的研究进展

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2019.0223

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水合盐热化学储热材料可以长周期、高效储存太阳热能、工业余热、废热等中低温热能，是中低温储热领域的研究热点。水合盐热化学储热材料主要通过水合盐与水蒸气之间可逆的脱水/水合反应来进行储/放热。本文首先给出了水合盐热化学储热材料的种类和性质，重点介绍了纯水合盐、水合盐复合储热材料及二元水合盐的研究进展。其中，纯水合盐理论储热密度大，但因其易潮解、腐蚀性强、循环稳定性差等缺点限制了其实际应用。通过将纯水合盐填充入不同的多孔材料制成水合盐复合储热材料可以优化纯水合盐的储热性能。近期的研究表明将两种水合盐混合制备的二元水合盐可以进一步提升纯水合盐的水合速率和循环稳定性。进而，将二元水合盐填充入多孔介质制成二元水合盐复合储热材料，该材料表现出了较高的储热密度和循环稳定性。可以看出，主要可从水合盐复合材料的传热传质强化和二元水合盐成分优化两方面来优化制备水合盐热化学储热材料。

关键词: 水合盐, 热化学储热, 水合盐复合储热材料, 二元水合盐, 储热密度

Abstract:

According to research on thermal energy storage, salt hydrates are effective thermochemical heat-storage materials that store low- and medium-temperature heat for long periods. Salt hydrates store and release heat through reversible dehydration and hydration reactions. This paper describes the types and properties of salt hydrates and introduces progressive research on pure salt hydrates, composite salt hydrates, and binary salts. Pure salt hydrates have high theoretical heat storage densities, but their practical applications are limited by deliquescence, strong corrosiveness and poor cycling stability. To improve their heat- and mass-transfer properties, pure salt hydrates can be filled into porous materials. Recently, high-performance binary mixtures of salt hydrates have been developed. Furthermore, binary salt hydrates have been filled into the pores of porous materials, providing composite materials with high heat-storage density and good cycling stability. The thermochemical heat-storage materials of salt hydrates can be optimized from two perspectives: heat and mass transfer enhancement of composite materials and optimal composition of binary salt hydrates.

Key words: salt hydrates, thermochemical heat storage, composite salt hydrates, binary salts, heat storage density

中图分类号:

TK 512.3

郝茂森, 刘洪芝, 王婉桐, 吕静. 水合盐热化学储热材料的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(3): 791-796.

HAO Maosen, LIU Hongzhi, WANG Wantong, LYU Jing. Research progress of thermochemical heat storage materials of hydrated salts[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(3): 791-796.

图/表 9

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