管状固体氧化物燃料电池前沿技术研究进展

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0528

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

管状固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFCs)因为具有启停速度快、热循环稳定性好、转换效率高、燃料适用范围广和排放物无污染等优点，是一种理想的发电装置。本综述对近5年管状SOFCs领域的相关文献信息进行了可视化分析，分析了论文的年度发表数量、关键词共现网络和全球文献数量分布。随后对该领域的前沿研究工作进行了调研和追踪，涵盖的范围有电池结构、制备方法和关键材料，这几方面是影响管状SOFCs工作效率、电输出性能、运行稳定性和成本的重要因素。在电池结构部分，讨论了各种支撑形式的技术特点，接着介绍了关于电池支撑结构改进和优化的最新研究成果；在制备方法部分，对相转化法、冷冻注模法和激光3D打印技术的应用进行了重点介绍；在关键材料部分，对组件材料的微结构调控和新材料开发进行了介绍。本文介绍的管状SOFCs近年来的代表性和创新性工作及对解决管状SOFCs存在问题的先进策略和方案，可为推动管状SOFCs技术的高质量发展和商业化应用提供指引。

关键词: 固体氧化物燃料电池, 管状, 可视化分析, 电池结构, 制备方法, 关键材料

Abstract:

Tubular solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have the advantages of fast start-stop speed, good thermal cycle stability, high conversion efficiency, a wide range of fuel applicability, and no emissions pollution. Therefore, they are an ideal power generation device. In this review, a visual analysis of the relevant literature on tubular SOFCs published in the past 5 years was conducted. First, the research hotspots, significant points of technology development, and the main countries researching tubular SOFCs were analyzed. Then, we investigated and tracked cutting-edge research works in tubular SOFCs. The following areas were covered: cell structure, preparation methods, and critical materials. These variables significantly impact the efficiency, output performance, operational stability, and cost of tubular SOFCs. In the section on cell structure, the characteristics of different support structures are discussed, and then some new research results on improving and optimizing cell configuration are introduced. In the fabrication section, the applications of the phase-inversion method, freeze-casting method, and three-dimensional laser printing are introduced. Finally, in the section on key materials, the microstructure regulation and the development of new materials are introduced. In all, representative and innovative research works on tubular SOFCs are introduced in this study. Additionally, the advanced strategies and solutions to solving the problems of tubular SOFCs are explored. This review provides guidelines for the high-quality development and commercialization of tubular SOFC technology.

Key words: solid oxide fuel cells, tubular, visual analysis, cell structure, preparation methods, key materials

中图分类号:

TM 911.4

董乐贤, 郑群, 黄悦, 田志鹏, 刘建平, 王超, 梁波, 雷励斌. 管状固体氧化物燃料电池前沿技术研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(1): 131-138.

Lexian DONG, Qun ZHENG, Yue HUANG, Zhipeng TIAN, Jianping LIU, Chao WANG, Bo LIANG, Libin LEI. Research progress on cutting-edge technology of tubular solid oxide fuel cells[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(1): 131-138.

图/表 5

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序号	电池材料组成(阳极｜电解质｜阴极)	电解质类型	工作温度/℃	支撑方式	功率密度/(mW/cm²)	年份	文献
1	Ni/Fe-YSZ｜YSZ｜LSM-YSZ	氧离子导体	800	阳极支撑	480	2018	[5]
2	Ni-ScSZ｜ScSZ｜LSM-ScSZ		800	惰性基体支撑	616	2018	[6]
3	Ni-YSZ｜YSZ｜LSM		800	阳极支撑	1270	2019	[7]
4	Ni-YSZ｜YSZ｜LSM		─	金属支撑	─	2019	[8]
5	Ni-SDC｜LSMO｜LSCF		850	阳极支撑	240	2020	[9]
6	Ni-YSZ｜GDC｜LSCF-GDC		700	阳极支撑	2270	2020	[10]
7	Ni-SDC｜SDC｜PBCO		700	惰性基体支撑	1150	2020	[11]
8	NiMo-YSZ｜YSZ/SDC｜LSCF		750	惰性基体支撑	354(CH₄为燃料)	2021	[12]
9	Ni-GDC｜GDC｜NSCO-GDC		700	电解质支撑	460	2021	[13]
10	Ni-YSZ｜YSZ｜PBFZr-GDC		750	阳极支撑	1260	2021	[14]
11	Ni-YSZ｜LSGM｜SSC		600	阳极支撑	440	2022	[15]
12	Ni-YSZ｜BSCZGY｜LSCF- BSCZGY	质子导体	600	阳极支撑	187	2018	[16]
13	Ni- BZI20｜BZI20｜LSCF		600	阳极支撑	143	2019	[17]
14	Ni-BCZYYb｜BZCYYb｜LSCF- BZCYYb		600	金属支撑	189	2019	[18]
15	Ni-BZCYYb｜BZCYYb｜LSCF-SDC		600	阳极支撑	700	2019	[19]
16	Ni-BCZYYb｜BCZYYb｜PNOF-BCZYYb		650	阳极支撑	580	2021	[20]
17	Ni-BCZYYb｜BCZYYb｜BCFZY		600	阳极支撑	517	2021	[21]
18	Ni-BZCYYb(Fe)｜BZCYYb｜PBSCF		700	阳极支撑	1078(NH₃为燃料)	2022	[22]
19	Ni-BZCYYb(Fe-CeO _x )｜BZCYYb｜PBSCF		700	阳极支撑	1060(NH₃为燃料)	2022	[23]

结构类型	电解质支撑型	阴极支撑型	阳极支撑型	金属支撑型	惰性基体支撑型
机械强度	高	较低	较低	很高	高
欧姆损耗	高	低	低	低	低
功率密度	低	较低	高	较高	较高
循环稳定性	良好	一般	一般	一般	良好
成本	较高	较高	低	较低	较低

制备方法	主要制备对象	特点
挤出法	支撑体	操作简单、成本低、生产效率高，但管体在干燥和烧结时易变形
相转化法	支撑体	组件缺陷少、生产效率高，但浆料的配制要求高
凝胶注模法	支撑体	成本低、耗时短，但组件质量稳定性不高
等静压法	支撑体	组件质量稳定性高，但生产效率低，微管组件对成型模具的要求较高
浸渍涂覆技术	薄膜状电解质/电极	组件厚度能被精确控制，表面缺陷少，但生产效率低
电化学沉积法	薄膜状电解质/电极	操作简单，但胶体参数和沉积条件较难控制
激光3D打印技术	半电池	能精确调控组件的微结构和形状，且组件可实现快速成型、干燥与烧结，但生产设备复杂、成本高昂

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