高压级联式储能系统在火储联合调频中的应用及实践

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0241

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

“双碳”目标下，新能源的大量接入给电网的稳定运行带来冲击。火储联合调频项目作为优质调频资源近年来获得了广泛的研究与应用。根据广东地区火储联合调频项目投产现状，本工作对目前主要运用于火储联合调频项目的低压并联和高压级联储能系统两种拓扑结构进行分析，结合调频辅助服务市场政策，通过对不同拓扑结构下的功率控制精度、能量转换效率及响应时间等项目开展并网试验研究，对比分析了两者的性能差异。结果表明采用高压级联拓扑结构的储能系统具有更优异的功率控制能力、更迅速的响应时间、更高的响应精度及更低的能量损耗，有助于提高火储联合调频项目的综合调频性能，提升在调频市场的竞争力。基于高压级联储能系统的优点，国能粤电台山发电有限公司根据自身机组容量及调频需求将其运用在机组灵活性改造中，设计了目前国内最大的火储联合调频项目，为后续火储联合调频中高压级联式储能系统控制策略的研究提供支持，也为其他火储联合调频项目的建设提供借鉴。

关键词: 储能, 高压级联, 低压并联, 火储联合调频, 并网检测

Abstract:

Under a "Double Carbon" goal, the vigorous development of renewable energy not only threatens the stable operation of the power grid but brings considerable demand for frequency controlling. Thermal energy storage frequency controlling, which as the high-quality frequency modulation resource was be extensive research. In the thermal energy storage frequency controlling project in Guangdong, the power control, power conversion efficiency, and response time and accuracy between the low-voltage parallel and high-voltage cascaded chemical energy storage systems were compared by testing the connections to the power grid, and the latter performed better. The high-voltage cascaded chemical energy storage system is beneficial for improving the stability and security of the project and is more competitive in the frequency modulation market. Based on the advantages of high-voltage cascaded chemical energy storage system and frequency modulation demand of the power plant, the largest thermal energy storage frequency controlling project in China was designed to improve the response in frequency controlling and research on control strategies to provide a reference for thermal energy storage frequency controlling projects.

Key words: energy storage, high-voltage cascaded, low-voltage parallel, thermal power unit with energy storage in frequency control, test of connection to power grid

中图分类号:

TM 62

黄思林, 肖华宾, 黄常抒, 郭子琦, 吴俊烽, 谢杭璇. 高压级联式储能系统在火储联合调频中的应用及实践[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(11): 3583-3593.

Silin HUANG, Huabin XIAO, Changshu HUANG, Ziqi GUO, Junfeng WU, Hangxuan XIE. Application and practice of a high-voltage cascaded energy storage system in thermal energy storage frequency controlling[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(11): 3583-3593.

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序号	比较内容	低压并联储能系统	高压级联储能系统
1	拓扑结构	简单	较复杂
2	PCS出口电压	低压(0.4 kV)	高压(6/10 kV)
3	系统损耗	大(有升压变压器损耗)	小(无升压变压器损耗)
4	占地面积	大	小
5	单位建设面积储能能量密度	低	高(约为低压方案1.3倍)
6	电芯一致性	差	较好
7	电池寿命	短	长
8	指令响应时间	长	短
9	系统稳定性	低	高

项目	项目A	项目B	项目C	项目D
机组容量	2×350 MW	2×350 MW	2×330 MW	2×330 MW
储能规模	10 MW/5 MWh	10 MW/10 MWh	9.45 MW/5.25 MWh	10 MW/5 MWh
PCS类型	高压级联	高压级联	低压并联	低压并联

项目类型	有功功率设定值	实测平均值/MW	控制精度^①	响应时间/s	调节时间/s
高压级联	-0.25P_N	-2.516	0.16%	0.371	0.475
	0.25P_N	2.455	0.45%	0.536	0.551
	-0.5P_N	-5.030	0.30%	0.511	0.533
	0.5P_N	4.948	0.52%	0.495	0.549
	-0.75P_N	-7.524	0.24%	0.605	0.631
	0.75P_N	7.562	0.62%	0.890	0.989
	-P_N	-10.154	1.54%	0.676	0.702
	P_N	10.028	0.28%	0.536	0.567

项目类型	有功功率设定值	实测平均值/MW	控制精度	响应时间/s	调节时间/s
高压级联	-0.25P_N	-2.522	0.22%	0.235	0.242
	0.25P_N	2.571	0.71%	0.280	0.286
	-0.5P_N	-5.097	0.97%	0.562	0.573
	0.5P_N	5.058	0.58%	0.194	0.224
	-0.75P_N	-7.518	0.18%	0.432	0.447
	0.75P_N	7.558	0.58%	0.304	0.326
	-P_N	-10.084	0.84%	0.237	0.263
	P_N	10.088	0.88%	0.474	0.489

项目类型	有功功率设定值	实测平均值/MW	控制精度	响应时间/s	调节时间/s
低压并联	-0.25P_N	-2.404	0.44%	1.177	1.725
	0.25P_N	2.402	0.42%	1.266	1.365
	-0.5P_N	-4.645	0.85%	1.400	1.441
	0.5P_N	4.854	1.37%	1.556	1.839
	-0.75P_N	-6.926	1.71%	1.373	1.476
	0.75P_N	7.164	0.81%	1.771	2.047
	-P_N	-9.297	1.62%	1.459	1.689
	P_N	9.277	1.83%	1.988	2.159