基于亚临界有机朗肯循环的热泵储电系统性能实验研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0706

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于亚临界有机朗肯循环的热泵储电系统(pumped thermal electricity storage，PTES)通过热泵循环、蓄/释热过程和有机朗肯循环发电(organic rankine cycle, ORC)过程实现储电过程，该系统运行温区较低且可利用低温热源提高系统循环储电效率。为进一步研究基于亚临界有机朗肯循环的热泵储电系统充/放电动态性能，本工作搭建了该系统实验平台，进行了80 ℃和90 ℃热源工况下的充/放电全周期实验研究和性能分析。结果表明：当低温热源温度从80 ℃升高到90 ℃时，系统循环储电效率从21.8%提高到46.1%，提高低温热源温度能显著提升循环储电效率；由于储/释热过程的非稳态传热特性，系统充/放电周期内运行参数随时间变化，在90 ℃热源工况下，充电过程的时间为3120 s，热泵循环平均COP为6.27，压缩机功率从1.3 kW增长到3.7 kW；放电时间为980 s，净放电功率从5.3 kW降低到1.8 kW，有机朗肯循环效率平均为8%；在80 ℃热源工况下，充电过程的时间为6480 s，热泵循环平均COP为5.44，压缩机功率从1.6 kW增长到3.6 kW；放电时间为1080 s，净放电功率从4.7 kW降低到2.8 kW，有机朗肯循环效率平均为7.9%。

关键词: 热泵储电, 有机朗肯循环, 循环储电效率, 动态性能分析

Abstract:

Pumped thermal electricity storage (PTES) based on the subcritical organic Rankine cycle (ORC) realizes the electricity storage function through the heat pump cycle, heat storage-release process, and ORC process. PTES operates in a low-temperature zone and can use a low-temperature heat source to improve the roundtrip energy storage efficiency. This paper further studies the dynamic performance of the PTES based on subcritical ORC by building an experimental platform of the system and performing experiments and performance analysis of the entire charging-discharging cycle under the conditions of heat sources at 80 ℃ and 90 ℃. The results show that the system storage efficiency cycle increases from 21.8% to 46.1% when the low-temperature heat source increases from 80 ℃ to 90 ℃. Increasing the temperature of the heat source can significantly improve the storage efficiency cycle. Due to the unsteady state of the heat transfer characteristics of the storage-release process, the operating parameters change over time during the system charging-discharging cycle. Under the heat source condition of 90 ℃, the charging process lasts for 3120 seconds, the average coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump cycle is 6.27, and the compressor power grows from 1.3 kW to 3.7 kW. The discharge time is 980 seconds, and the net discharge power decreases from 5.3 kW to 1.8 kW, with an average ORC efficiency of 8%. Under the heat source condition of 80 ℃, the charging process lasts for 6480 seconds, the average COP of the heat pump cycle is 5.44, and the compressor power grows from 1.6 kW to 3.6 kW. The discharge time is 1080 seconds, and the net discharge power decreases from 4.7 kW to 2.8 kW, with an average ORC efficiency of 7.9%.

Key words: pumped thermal electricity storage, organic Rankine cycle, roundtrip efficiency of energy storage, dynamic performance analysis

中图分类号:

TK 02

宋文俊, 贺中禄, 曹彬, 梁子薇, 郭春梅. 基于亚临界有机朗肯循环的热泵储电系统性能实验研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(12): 4339-4348.

Wenjun SONG, Zhonglu HE, Bin CAO, Ziwei LIANG, Chunmei GUO. Experimental study on the performance of a pumped thermal electricity storage system based on the subcritical organic rankine cycle[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(12): 4339-4348.

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设备	类型	厂家	型号	参数
压缩机	涡旋式	丹佛斯	VZH065CH	排气容积65 cm³/min, 额定功率7.5 kW
膨胀机	双螺杆式	禾必斯特	ZYT-112S-30-7.5	额定转速1500 r/min，输出功率3 kW
发电机	永磁同步	泰安阳光动力	KE90-95V	发电效率96%，输出功率69 kW
蒸发器	板式换热器	苏州舒瑞普	SWEP V120T/Dx6	换热面积8.18 m²，额定换热量69.4 kW
冷凝器	板式换热器	苏州舒瑞普	SWEP B120T	换热面积为17.2 m²，额定换热量97.8 kW
电子膨胀阀	过热度控制	浙江三花智能控制	TS1.3-6.5C	—
储能罐	螺旋盘管式	天津博帆科技	自制	储能罐总高为2 m，筒体1.4 m，直径600 mm，碳钢，厚度4 mm，上下均使用封头，法兰链接。盘管使用铜管Ø19 mm×1.0，长度38 m，两组
工质泵	圆弧齿轮泵	泊远东	WCB-50	设计流量2 t/h，扬程110 m

仪器名称	测量参数	型号	测量范围	测量不确定度
涡街流量计	气态工质体积流量	DY040	0~3 m³/h	±0.03 m³/h
涡轮流量计	液态工质体积流量	LF43	0~10 m³/h	±0.15 m³/h
电磁流量计	冷热源质量流量	LGD-SUP	0.01~10 m/s	±0.02 m/s
功率变送器	电功率	PD666-s	0~100 kW	±0.5 kW
压力传感器	工质压力	ZYU5100	0~3 MPa	±0.0015 MPa
热电阻	温度	PT100	0~150 ℃	±0.15 ℃

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