储热系统优化对延庆冬奥村供暖经济性的影响

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0158

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高冬奥场馆赛后供暖系统运行的经济性，通过构建场馆供暖系统储热装置的物理数学模型，使用数值模拟方法对储热装置进行研究，将储热装置内储热介质温度分层的模拟结果数据与现场实测数据进行对比分析，验证了所建储热装置模型的准确性。基于当地峰谷电价体系，以电极锅炉运行费用最优化为目标，放热水泵汽蚀余量和电极锅炉总功率为约束条件，对储热装置结构和储热温度方案进行优化，研究储热装置布水器结构和储热介质温度对供暖系统节能、经济性的影响。结果表明，本文所设计散流器型布水器结构与延庆冬奥村储热装置布水器结构相比，在运行过程中，储热装置内温度分层更佳，装置内不同温度之间的储热介质掺混程度低，使储热装置出水温度更高，房间舒适性进一步提升，供暖热利用效率从优化前的82.02%升高至85.98%。冬至日至元旦期间储热介质最优储热温度为95 ℃，电极锅炉供热系统运行费用降低可高达14.13%。可见本研究具有工程应用价值，对奥运场馆赛后运维以及热水储热供暖系统运营改造具有指导意义。

关键词: 冬奥场馆, 供热系统, 储热装置, 性能优化, 经济性

Abstract:

To enhance the operational economy of heating systems in winter sports venues after the Olympics, a physical-mathematical model of the thermal storage device from the venue's heating system's was constructed. Numerical simulation methods were employed to study the thermal storage device. The simulated results of temperature stratification within the thermal storage device were compared and analyzed against field-measured data, validating the accuracy of the model. The structure and temperature scheme of the thermal storage device were optimized by leveraging the local peak-valley electricity price system, aiming to optimize the operating costs of electrode boilers, with constraints the cavitation margin of the heat release pump and the total power of the electrode boiler. The influence of the thermal storage device's manifold distributor structure and thermal storage media temperature on the energy conservation and the economic viability of the heating system were investigated. Results indicate that the designed diffuser-type manifold distributor structure outperforms the manifold distributor structure in the Yanqing Winter Olympics Village's thermal storage device, as it exhibits superior temperature stratification within the thermal storage device during operation. This results in lower mixing of the thermal storage media at different temperatures within the device, which, in turn, lead to higher outlet temperatures and further improvement of the room comfort. The heating efficiency improved from 82.02% to 85.98% after optimization. During the period from winter solstice to New Year's day, the optimal temperature of the thermal storage media was 95 ℃, leading to a reduction in the operational costs of the electrode boiler heating system by up to 14.13%. This work highlights the value of engineering applications and provides guidance for post-Olympic venue operations and operational improvements in thermal storage heating systems.

Key words: Winter Olympic venues, heating system, thermal storage devices, performance optimization, economics

中图分类号:

TU 822

凡烈, 邢永杰, 刘芳, 熊亚选. 储热系统优化对延庆冬奥村供暖经济性的影响[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(6): 2057-2067.

Lie FAN, Yongjie XING, Fang LIU, Yaxuan XIONG. Thermal storage system optimization toward the economic viability of heating systems in Yanqing Winter Olympics Village[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(6): 2057-2067.

图/表 20

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参考文献 17

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设备名称	型号参数	数量/台
电极锅炉	功率4 MW/10 kV	4
锅炉循环泵	流量137 m³/h，扬程15 m，功率7.5 kW/380 V	8(4用4备)
供热循环泵	流量310 m³/h，扬程18 m，功率22 kW/380 V	3(2用1备)
储热循环泵	流量200 m³/h，扬程17 m，功率15 kW/380 V	3(2用1备)
放热循环泵	流量147 m³/h，扬程17 m，功率11 kW/380 V	3(2用1备)
储热装置1	总容积651 m³	1
储热装置2	总容积405 m³	1

名称	具体操作
模型绘制	对图2所示装置结构进行三维物理模型绘制
模型处理	对模型进行流体域、固体域以及进出口边界的划分
网格划分	对模型进行网格划分，采用多面体网格形式，对装置内管道及进出口处进行局部加密处理

电价阶段	时间段	电费/(元/kWh)
峰电价阶段	10: 00—15: 00(第一阶段)、18: 00—21: 00(第二阶段)	1.154337
平电价阶段	7: 00—10: 00(第一阶段)、15: 00— 18: 00(第二阶段)、21: 00—23: 00 (第三阶段)	0.839955
谷电价阶段	23: 00—次日7: 00	0.554529

参数	优化后	优化前
累计放热量/kJ	41711369.09	39793037.48
热利用效率	85.98%	82.02%

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