Multicomponent-coated graphite composite anodes for low-temperature electrochemical energy storage

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0408

Abstract

Abstract:

The rapid development of new energy technologies has demanded higher requirements for the application of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for operation at low temperatures. The poor surface dynamics of graphite anodes is one of the main issues limiting the low-temperature performance of LIBs. In this study, amorphous carbon/niobium oxide multicomponent-coated graphite composite materials (C/Nb-Gr) were synthesized using a liquid-phase method. The optimal C/Nb-Gr ratio was determined by adjusting the preparation method and coating ratio of multicomponent materials. The crystal structure, morphology, and elemental distribution of C/Nb-Gr were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Furthermore, its electrochemical performance at high rates and low temperatures was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and charge/discharge cycling. The graphite electrode coated with amorphous carbon/niobium oxide exhibited improved performance at high rates and low temperatures. When charged/discharged at a high current density of 5C at room temperature, C/Nb-Gr-10 demonstrated a reversible specific capacity of 156.18 mAh/g. Under low-temperature conditions (-20 ℃) at a current density of 0.1C, the discharge specific capacity of C/Nb-Gr-10 was 204.60 mAh/g, representing 55.7% of its room-temperature discharge specific capacity.

Key words: graphite anodes, surface modification, low-temperature energy storage, lithium-ion batteries

CLC Number:

TM 911

Pengfei XIAO, Lin MEI, Libao CHEN. Multicomponent-coated graphite composite anodes for low-temperature electrochemical energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(7): 2116-2123.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

References 18

1	RUGGERI I, MARTIN J, WOHLFAHRT-MEHRENS M, et al. Interfacial kinetics and low-temperature behavior of spheroidized natural graphite particles as anode for Li-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, 2022, 26(1): 73-83. DOI: 10.1007/s10008-021-04974-2.
2	YANG Y S, CHEN Y F, TAN L L, et al. Rechargeable LiNi_0.65Co_0.15Mn_0.2O₂\|\|Graphite batteries operating at -60 ℃[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2022, 61(42): DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209619.
3	LI S Q, WANG K, ZHANG G F, et al. Fast charging anode materials for lithium-ion batteries: Current status and perspectives[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2022, 32(23): DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202200796.
4	WEN Y, HE K, ZHU Y J, et al. Expanded graphite as superior anode for sodium-ion batteries[J]. Nature Communications, 2014, 5: 4033. DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5033.
5	SHIM J H, LEE S H. Characterization of graphite etched with potassium hydroxide and its application in fast-rechargeable lithium ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2016, 324: 475-483. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.05.094.
6	GUO B D, LIU Q, CHEN E D, et al. Controllable N-doping of graphene[J]. Nano Letters, 2010, 10(12): 4975-4980. DOI: 10.1021/nl103079j.
7	WANG M M, WANG J R, XIAO J C, et al. Introducing a pseudocapacitive lithium storage mechanism into graphite by defect engineering for fast-charging lithium-ion batteries[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2022, 14(14): 16279-16288. DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02169.
8	CHANG X Q, SUN N, ZHOU H Y, et al. Soft carbon-coated bulk graphite for improved potassium ion storage[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2023, 34(3): 107312. DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.03.035.
9	LI H Q, ZHOU H S. Enhancing the performances of Li-ion batteries by carbon-coating: Present and future[J]. Chemical Communications, 2012, 48(9): 1201-1217. DOI: 10.1039/c1cc14764a.
10	OKA H, KADOURA H, TAKAHASHI N T, et al. Effect of amorphous carbon coating on the formation of solid electrolyte interphase and electrochemical properties of a graphite electrode[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2022, 543: DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.231850.
11	LU H Y, CHEN X Y, JIA Y L, et al. Engineering Al₂O₃ atomic layer deposition: Enhanced hard carbon-electrolyte interface towards practical sodium ion batteries[J]. Nano Energy, 2019, 64: DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.103903.
12	ZHOU J H, MA K N, LIAN X Y, et al. Eliminating graphite exfoliation with an artificial solid electrolyte interphase for stable lithium-ion batteries[J]. Small, 2022, 18(15): DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107460.
13	ZHANG M, HE Y X, XU H J, et al. Nb₂O₅ nanoparticles embedding in graphite hybrid as a high-rate and long-cycle anode for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Rare Metals, 2022, 41(3): 814-821. DOI: 10.1007/s12598-021-01863-5.
14	LIU W H, WANG X P, LIU J S, et al. Graphite-based composite anodes with C-O-Nb heterointerfaces enable fast lithium storage[J]. ChemSusChem, 2023, 16(10): DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300067.
15	DU P, FAN X M, ZHANG B, et al. The lithiophobic-to-lithiophilic transition on the graphite towards ultrafast-charging and long-cycling lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Materials, 2022, 50: 648-657. DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2022.05.056.
16	SONG Z H, LI H, LIU W, et al. Ultrafast and stable Li-(de)intercalation in a large single crystal H-Nb₂O₅ anode via optimizing the homogeneity of electron and ion transport[J]. Advanced Materials, 2020, 32(22): DOI: 10.1002/adma.202001001.
17	LIU Y C, RUSSO P A, MONTORO L A, et al. Recent developments in Nb-based oxides with crystallographic shear structures as anode materials for high-rate lithium-ion energy storage[J]. Battery Energy, 2023, 2(1): DOI: 10.1002/bte2.20220037.
18	CAO D P, YAO Z G, LIU J J, et al. H-Nb₂O₅ wired by tetragonal tungsten bronze related domains as high-rate anode for Li-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Materials, 2018, 11: 152-160. DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2017.10.005.

[1]	Changhao LI, Shuping WANG, Xiankun YANG, Ziqi ZENG, Xinyue ZHOU, Jia XIE. Nonaqueous electrolyte in low-temperature lithium-ion battery [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(7): 2286-2299.
[2]	Yang LU, Shuaishuai YAN, Xiao MA, Zhi LIU, Weili ZHANG, Kai LIU. Low-temperature electrolytes and their application in lithium batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(7): 2224-2242.
[3]	Meilong WANG, Yurui XUE, Wenxi HU, Keyu DU, Ruitao SUN, Bin ZHANG, Ya YOU. Design and research of all-ether high-entropy electrolyte for low-temperature lithium iron phosphate batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(7): 2131-2140.
[4]	Zeheng LI, Lei XU, Yuxing YAO, Chong YAN, Ximin ZHAI, Xuechun HAO, Aibing CHEN, Jiaqi HUANG, Xiaofei BIE, Huanli SUN, Lizhen FAN, Qiang ZHANG. A review of electrolyte reducing lithium plating in low-temperature lithium-ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(7): 2192-2205.
[5]	Chen LI, Huilin ZHANG, Jianping ZHANG. Estimated state of health for retired lithium batteries using kernel function and hyperparameter optimization [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(6): 2010-2021.
[6]	Chenwei LI, Shiguo XU, Haifeng YU, Songmin YU, Hao JIANG. Synthesis of Mg-doped LiFe_0.5Mn_0.5PO₄/C cathode materials for Li-ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(6): 1767-1774.
[7]	Qi SUN, Hao PENG, Qingguo MENG, Dekai KONG, Rui FENG. Thermal adaptability of energy storage battery pack in extreme conditions [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(6): 2039-2043.
[8]	Yuchao ZHANG, Fengjiao ZHANG, Wei LOU, Feixiang ZAN, Linling WANG, Anxu SHENG, Xiaohui WU, Jing CHEN. Transformation process of valuable metals in the recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries and the potential environmental impact [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(6): 1861-1870.
[9]	Runyuan LI, Fu'ao GUO, Gangchao ZHAO. Early warning method for fire safety of containerized lithium-ion battery energy storage systems [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(5): 1595-1602.
[10]	Yuanhui TANG, Boxing YUAN, Jie LI, Yunlong ZHANG. Study on the safety of cylindrical lithium-ion batteries under nail penetration conditions [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(4): 1326-1334.
[11]	Bingjin LI, Xiaoxia HAN, Wenjie ZHANG, Weiguo ZENG, Jinde WU. Review of the remaining useful life prediction methods for lithium-ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(4): 1266-1276.
[12]	Jiamu YANG, Yuxin CHEN, Cheng LIAN, Zhi XU, Honglai LIU. Flow field analysis and structural optimization of coating die with electrode slurry [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(4): 1109-1117.
[13]	Mingming SUN. Patent analysis of organic-inorganic composite solid-state electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(3): 1096-1105.
[14]	Zeping FANG, Bao QIU, Zhaoping LIU. Progress of "reversible high-oxygen activity" of lithium-rich layered oxide anode materials [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(1): 240-251.
[15]	Chengjie XU, Yulin HUANG, Zhongfeiyu LIN, Zhiming LIN, Chenxi FANG, Weijun ZHANG, Zhigao HUANG, Jiaxin LI. Macroscopic fabrication of nano-silicon via sand-milling and investigation of lithium storage performance in carbon fiber composite anodes [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(1): 1-11.