Characteristics and preparation of metallized plastic current collectors for lithium-ion batteries

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0763

Abstract

Abstract:

Metallized plastic current collectors (MPCCs) have attracted considerable attention from industrial researchers as MPCCs can considerably increase the energy density of batteries by reducing the thickness and weight of devices. Furthermore, polymer properties, such as insulation, heat shrinkage, and melting considerably increase battery safety. Understanding the properties and preparation methods of polymer substrates and MPCCs is crucial for the development of high-quality MPCCs and the promotion of the development of high energy density and high-safety batteries. Therefore, this review focused on the properties of commonly used and potential polymers and clarified the advantages of high-quality polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-and polypropylene (PP)-based MPCCs applied to lithium-ion batteries as well as their fabrication and operational challenges, including the dissolution reaction of PET, low adhesion between PP, and metal layers. We have proposed measures to overcome these drawbacks. This paper summarizes the principles, advantages, disadvantages, and strategies (magnetron sputtering, evaporation, chemical deposition and electrochemical deposition, etc.) for depositing metal layers on polymer surfaces to improve the homogeneity, consistency, and electrical conductivity of the metal layers on polymer surfaces. Finally, to improve MPCC availability in batteries, the directions of developing MPCC, including improving the metal-polymer interfacial bonding, safety, and conductivity of batteries, as well as functionalizing and refining MPCC elaborated.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, composite current collector, plastic film, metal coating

CLC Number:

O 69

Zhiguo ZHANG, Huaqing LI, Li WANG, Xiangming HE. Characteristics and preparation of metallized plastic current collectors for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(3): 749-758.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1

Table 1

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References 33

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材料名称	Cu	Cu MPCC	Al	Al MPCC	测试方法
厚度/μm	6	6	13	6	马尔测厚仪
面密度/(g/m²)	52	24	35	8.5	电子天平
抗拉强度(MD/TD)/MPa	400/380	260/250	205/200	210~230/150~210	拉力机
断裂拉伸率(MD/TD)/%	6.0/4.0	80/50	5.0/4.5	30~80/15~45	拉力机
表面达因系数	>38	38±2	>38	38±2	达因笔
方阻/mΩ	3	20±2	2.1	40±2	四探针
热收缩率(MD/TD)/%	/	0.2/0.01	/	0.15/0.01	烘箱(130 ℃/0.5 h)

材料	聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)	聚丙烯(PP)	聚酰亚胺(PI)
工作温度范围/℃	-60~120	-30~140	-269~280
抗拉强度/MPa	高, 250	低, 25~45	高, 200
断裂伸长率/%	90~150	200~400	>50
粗糙度	很高	低	高
热稳定性	良好	良好	良好
与金属间的界面作用力	良好	较差	良好
耐酸碱腐蚀性	差	良好	优秀
成本/(美元/吨)	1063	1120	高
质量密度/(g/cm³)	1.29~1.41	0.85~0.99	1.39~1.45
技术成熟程度	成熟	成熟	难度大
生产阶段	量产	小试	实验室研发
是否环保	是	是	是

材料	PE	PVC	PS	PC	PVDF
全称	Polyethylen	Polyvinyl chloride	Polystyrene	Polycarbonate	Polyvinylidene fluoride
工作温度范围/℃	-40~90	-40~90	-30~70	-45~135	-40~150
抗拉强度/MPa	低, 6	低, 50~80	低, 36~60	低, 69	低, 50~70
断裂伸长率/%	90~950	20~40	1.2~2.5	60~120	10~50
是否具有热稳定性	是	是	否	是	是
是否耐酸碱腐蚀	是	是	否	否	是
质量密度/(g/cm³)	0.94~0.96	1.38~1.58	1.05	1.18~1.22	1.77~1.80
是否环保	是	否	否	是	是

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