Recent progress of cathode presodiation strategies in sodium-ion batteries

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1085

Abstract

Abstract:

Sodium-ion batteries are regarded as one of the most promising next-generation electrochemical energy storage technologies owing to the abundant raw material availability and low cost. The presodiation technique offers a practical solution to replenish sodium ions irreversibly consumed during the first-cycle charging, a process caused by the formation of interfaces. By introducing an additional sodium source, this technique effectively improves the cycle life and energy density of the batteries, making it highly valuable for the large-scale production and application of sodium-ion batteries.Presoiation techniques are mainly divided into anode presodiation and cathode presodiation. Among these, the self-sacrificial sodium supplement agent pre-mixing method, part of the cathode presodiation technique, stands out owing to its simple operation and lack of need for additional equipment, making it favorable for large-scale implementation. This article first briefly introduces the classification of sodium supplement agents. It then examines the challenges associated with the practical use and production of the self-sacrificial sodium supplement agent pre-mixing method. Key challenges include safety and stability issues during production and storage, concerns related to the alkalinity and particle size of sodium supplement agents during electrode manufacturing, as well as issues such as excessive decomposition potential during battery cycling. The decomposition products and their impacts on electrode sheets after decomposition also pose significant problems. Subsequently, this article summarizes corresponding solutions proposed in recent years through presodiation-related research and patents. It further explores the application of this method in anode-free sodium-metal batteries. Finally, it presents design principles for developing improved sodium supplement agents, offering guidance for the future application of the cathode presodiation technique.

Key words: sodium-ion batteries, presodiation, self-sacrificial sodiation reagents, patent analysis

CLC Number:

TM 912

Yu LI, Dandan LI, Fei XIE, bin TANG, Xiaohui RONG, Qinqin LIANG, Yongsheng HU. Recent progress of cathode presodiation strategies in sodium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(5): 1748-1757.

Figures/Tables 6

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