A kind of intelligent PID double-layer active balancing control method for lithium-ion battery pack

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0839

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the reduction in performance and lifespan of a battery pack caused by inconsistencies in the state of charge of individual cells, this paper proposes a double-layer active balancing control method for a lithium-ion battery pack based on intelligent PID control. The method employs a double-layer equalization topology, using a Buck-Boost circuit with good scalability within groups and a flyback transformer with high equalization efficiency between groups. A PID controller optimized by a Bayesian algorithm controls the output variable duty cycle and regulates the balancing current to achieve both intra-pack and inter-group balancing. Simulation results show that, compared with traditional equalization based on a Buck-Boost circuit, the equalization time in static and charging modes is reduced by 503 s and 515 s, respectively; equalization efficiency is increased by 65.7% and 66.5%, respectively; and energy transfer efficiency in static mode is improved by 4.4%. Experimental results indicate that when the equalization current is less than 1.5 A, the proposed method achieves equalization in 1110 seconds, a reduction of 616 seconds compared with the fuzzy PID algorithm, thereby demonstrating its superiority.

Key words: lithium-ion batteries, PID control, Bayesian optimization, double-layer equalization topology, Buck-Boost circuit

CLC Number:

TM 911

Xiaolan WU, Pengjie MA, Zhifeng BAI, Chenglong LIU, Guifang GUO, Jinhua ZHANG. A kind of intelligent PID double-layer active balancing control method for lithium-ion battery pack[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(3): 1150-1159.

Figures/Tables 16

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初始SOC
Case1	35%	60%	68%	71%	86%	90%
Case2	40%	45%	55%	66%	80%	95%
Case3	55%	66%	33%	77%	88%	60%
Case4	35%	45%	55%	65%	76%	88%

参数	电池1	电池2	电池3	电池4
容量/Ah	2.4709	2.478	2.4835	2.4617
内阻/mΩ	55	50	56	58

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